A spaceship in outer space has a gyroscope within it used for rotation and stabilization. The moment of inertia of the gyroscope is I= 19.5 kg - m² about the axis of the gyroscope, and the moment of inertia of the rest of the spaceship is I = 5.00 x 105 kg m² about the same axis. Initially both the spaceship and gyroscope are not rotating. The gyroscope is then switched on and it nearly instantly starts rotating at an angular speed of 135 rad/s. How long (in s) should the gyroscope operate at this speed in order to change the spaceship's orientation by 32.0⁰? S
Angular Momentum
The momentum of an object is given by multiplying its mass and velocity. Momentum is a property of any object that moves with mass. The only difference between angular momentum and linear momentum is that angular momentum deals with moving or spinning objects. A moving particle's linear momentum can be thought of as a measure of its linear motion. The force is proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum. Angular momentum is always directly proportional to mass. In rotational motion, the concept of angular momentum is often used. Since it is a conserved quantity—the total angular momentum of a closed system remains constant—it is a significant quantity in physics. To understand the concept of angular momentum first we need to understand a rigid body and its movement, a position vector that is used to specify the position of particles in space. A rigid body possesses motion it may be linear or rotational. Rotational motion plays important role in angular momentum.
Moment of a Force
The idea of moments is an important concept in physics. It arises from the fact that distance often plays an important part in the interaction of, or in determining the impact of forces on bodies. Moments are often described by their order [first, second, or higher order] based on the power to which the distance has to be raised to understand the phenomenon. Of particular note are the second-order moment of mass (Moment of Inertia) and moments of force.
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