Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
![### Determining Hydroxide Ion Concentration from pH
Given Problem:
A solution has a pH of 4.50. What is the [OH⁻] (hydroxide ion concentration) of the solution?
### Formula and Calculation:
To find the concentration of hydroxide ions, we can use the relationship between pH and pOH in water at 25°C:
\[ pH + pOH = 14 \]
1. Calculate the pOH:
\[ pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 4.50 = 9.50 \]
2. Use the pOH to find the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH⁻]:
\[ [OH⁻] = 10^{-pOH} = 10^{-9.50} \]
So the hydroxide ion concentration can be written in scientific notation:
\[ [OH⁻] = ? \times 10^{?} \text{M} \]
### Input Fields:
To calculate this, input two values:
- **Coefficient (green):** The coefficient before the power of 10.
- **Exponent (yellow):** The exponent to which 10 is raised.
### Example Calculation:
For a pOH of 9.50, the [OH⁻] calculation would be:
\[ [OH⁻] = 3.16 \times 10^{-10} \text{M} \]
This means:
- Coefficient (green) = 3.16
- Exponent (yellow) = -10
### Interactive Input Section:
Students are required to enter the correct coefficient and exponent values as follows:
- **Coefficient (green)**
- **Exponent (yellow)**
Upon entering the values, click the **Enter** button to get the result.
### Practice Problem:
Try solving with different pH values using the above steps to get comfortable with the process of finding [OH⁻] from pH.
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This exercise helps in understanding the relationship between pH, pOH, and the concentration of hydroxide ions in a solution.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F44b0d593-f487-4f0d-923f-5b6d8a9e98f3%2F01ddab1c-297c-4f38-bd78-dd837da78ba8%2Fl38cd7ee_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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