A soil profile is shown in the figure below. A uniformly distributed load, Δσ is applied at the ground surface equal to 100 kPa. Ao 100 kN/m2 2m Ydry 14 kN/m Groundwater table m Yat -18 kN/m Yat19 kN/m 3.5 m Void ratio, e -0.8 LL-40 O Sand E Clay What is the settlement (in mm) of the clay layer caused by primary consolidation if the clay is normally consolidated? Report your answer to the nearest whole number. O 68 O 190 38 O none of the above

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.