A single electron is trapped in a potential box of typical size 150nm. Estimate the electrostatic charging energy required to add a second electron to the box. Compare this energy with the typical single-particle level splitting in the box. How do your results depend on the relative dielectric constant of the material in which the box is realized?

A single electron is trapped in a potential box of typical size 150nm. Estimate the electrostatic charging energy required to add a second electron to the box. Compare this energy with the typical single-particle level splitting in the box. How do your results depend on the relative dielectric constant of the material in which the box is realized?

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