(a) Show the graph of the probability density function for flight time. The graph has a shaded area. The horizontal axis is labeled: x with the title: Flight Time in Minutes and has tickmarks labeled: 230, 240, 250, 260. The vertical axis is labeled: f(x), and has tickmarks labeled: 1/20, 1/10, 3/20. The shaded area is the region bounded by the horizontal axis and the following line segments. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 230 on the horizontal axis. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 250 on the horizontal axis. A 20 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 230 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments. The graph has a shaded area. The horizontal axis is labeled: x with the title: Flight Time in Minutes and has tickmarks labeled: 230, 240, 250, 260. The vertical axis is labeled: f(x), and has tickmarks labeled: 1/20, 1/10, 3/20. The shaded area is the region bounded by the horizontal axis and the following line segments. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 230 on the horizontal axis. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 260 on the horizontal axis. A 30 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 230 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments. The graph has a shaded area. The horizontal axis is labeled: x with the title: Flight Time in Minutes and has tickmarks labeled: 230, 240, 250, 260. The vertical axis is labeled: f(x), and has tickmarks labeled: 1/20, 1/10, 3/20. The shaded area is the region bounded by the horizontal axis and the following line segments. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 240 on the horizontal axis. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 250 on the horizontal axis. A 10 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 240 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments. The graph has a shaded area. The horizontal axis is labeled: x with the title: Flight Time in Minutes and has tickmarks labeled: 230, 240, 250, 260. The vertical axis is labeled: f(x), and has tickmarks labeled: 1/20, 1/10, 3/20. The shaded area is the region bounded by the horizontal axis and the following line segments. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 240 on the horizontal axis. A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 260 on the horizontal axis. A 20 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 240 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments. (b) What is the probability that the flight will be no more than 5 minutes late? (c) What is the probability that the flight will be more than 10 minutes late? (d) What is the expected flight time, in minutes?
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 230 on the horizontal axis.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 250 on the horizontal axis.
- A 20 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 230 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 230 on the horizontal axis.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 260 on the horizontal axis.
- A 30 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 230 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 240 on the horizontal axis.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 250 on the horizontal axis.
- A 10 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 240 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 240 on the horizontal axis.
- A 1/20 unit long vertical line segment begins at 260 on the horizontal axis.
- A 20 unit long horizontal line segment begins at the tickmark labeled 240 on the horizontal axis and the tickmark labeled 1/20 on the vertical axis. This line segment connects the two vertical line segments.
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