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(a) Show that the extra distance travelled by ray 2 in figure 28(b) compared to ray 1 is
2d sin θ.
(b) Hence show that constructive interference occurs if
2d sin θ = nλ,
where n is a positive integer, and λ the wavelength of the radiation (before or after scattering).

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20
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Q
(a)
(b)
Figure 28: (a) Bragg reflection of an incoming beam by parallel planes in a crystal; (b) close-up of
a pair of planes, indicating the plane separation d, and the reflection and deflection angles.

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