Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:(a) Select the line notation for the following cell.
V
Pt
HBr(aq, 0.10 M)
Al
Br,(/)
Al(NO,),(aq, 0.010 M)
O Br2(/) | HBr(aq, 0.10 M) || AI(NO3)3(aq, 0.010 M)
O Pt(s) | Br2(1) | HBr(aq, 0.10 M) || AI(NO3)3(aq, 0.010 M) | Al(s)
O Pt(s) | Br2(1) | HBr(aq, 0.10 M) || AI(NO3)3(aq, 0.010 M)
O Br2(/) | HBr(aq, 0.10 M) || Al(NO3)3(aq, 0.010 M) | Al(s)
(b) Calculate the potential of each half-cell and the cell voltage, E.
element E (volts)
Al
-1.677
Br
+1.078
Pt
+1.18
right half-cell -1.72
left half-cell
1.14
E
-2.85
In which direction will electrons flow through the circuit?
O Electrons flow from Pt to Al.
O Electrons flow from Al to Pt.
Write the spontaneous net cell reaction.
O 3 Br" + AI(s) 3/2 Br2() + AI3+
O 3/2 Br2() + Al3+ 3 Br + Al(s)
O 3/2 Br2() + Al(s) 3 Br + Al3+
O 3 Br2(/) + Al(s)3 Br + Al3+
(c) The left half-cell was loaded with 15.2 mL of Br2(/) (density = 3.12 g/mL). The aluminum electrode contains 12.8 g of Al. Which element, Br2 or Al, is the limiting reagent? (That is, which reagent
will be used up first?)
O Bra
O Al
(d) If the cell is somehow operated under conditions in which it produces a constant voltage of 1.50 V, how much electrical work will have been done when 0.239 mL of Br2(/) has been consumed?
(The charge of an electron is 1.602x 10-19 C.)
2.47
(e) If the potentiometer is replaced by a 11.2 k2 resistor and if the heat dissipated by the resistor is 1.00x 10 /s, at what rate (grams per second) is Al(s) dissolving? (In this question the voltage
is not 1.50 V.)
g/s
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