A scientist has dissected out a small section of the retina and is able to directly record the action potential firing rate in a single ganglion cell.  Assume there is a on-center off-surround bipolar cell connected to an on-center off-surround ganglion cell.  When applying ‘Stimulus 1’ the scientist records a moderate action potential rate. When applying ‘Stimulus 2’ the rate of action potentials increases substantially. In the context of this experiment no illumination is an option as a 'Stimulus'.  ‘Stimulus 2’ would result in what response in the bipolar cell (the one connected to the ganglion cell the scientist is measuring)? A. A large depolarization of the bipolar cell membrane    B. The bipolar cell membrane would remain at the resting membrane potential    C. A large hyperpolarization of the bipolar cell membrane    D. A small hyperpolarization of the bipolar cell membrane    E. A small depolarization of the bipolar cell membrane

Q: Regarding the detection of the head tilt: a- When one receptor is excited at one side, the other is…

A: According to the question, we have to confirm what events happened when the head tilt is detected.…

Q: Pick two senses, describe the receptors and what happens there, and identify their destination…

A: Introduction: The nervous system is the chief coordinating and controlling system of the body. It…

Q: A device that monitors the activity of the photoreceptor cells of the eye indicates that there is a…

A: In a dark room, photoreceptor cells in the eye release a constant flow of neurotransmitter to…

Q: We discussed three principles with regards to the sensory cortex (mechanisms of perception), with…

A: Somatosensory system is a division of sensory nervous system. It has neural pathways and sensory…

Q: Bipolar cell responses: changes in polarization Ganglion cell responses: action potentials Light…

A: The eye is a type of sensory organ that aids vision. The eye is a spherical organ filled with a…

Q: Based on the attached figure (Figure 9.8 in the textbook), what is the actual membrane mechanism…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the membrane mechanism that mediates the light-induced…

Q: If I shine a light in only one of your eyes, making sure not to get any light in the other eye, both…

A: The 'swinging light test' is utilized to identify an overall afferent understudy imperfection: a…

Q: Briefly describe how lateral inhibition increases apparent contrast at edges. In your response be…

A: Lateral contrast is mainly shown in the sensory system of the body including the olfactory organ,…

Q: PET (positron emission tomography) scans of the brains of people who have been blind since birth…

A: The region in the cerebral cortex that recognizes visual information is called the visual cortex of…

Q: In order to see a dim star at night, it is better not to look directly at it. If you see it from the…

A: A thin tissue layer comprising of photoreceptor cells that line the eye's inner backside and lies…

Q: Similar to how retinal disparity offers 3-D moviegoers a way to extract 3-D information from the…

A: The photoreceptor cells present on the retinal surface converts the light energy to the brain’s…

Q: Which of the following descriptions of photoreceptors in the eye is NOT correct? a. Cones are…

A: Photoreceptors are found in the retina of the eye and are specialized cells required for visual…

Q: Potassium channels opens, allowing potassium ions to move out. Some sodium channels open in the…

A: In the visual transduction pathway, in the dark, the concentration of cGMP is more, which opens the…

Q: In the diagram above, identify the part of the brain that is suppressed during blinking and the part…

A: The brain is the most complex organ of any organism. It controls the different processes going on in…

Q: The computational level of analysis in Marr's theory might be concerned with   A the specific…

A: Hi, Thanks For Your Question.  Answer : Correct Option Is C ( the problem of how the visual system…

Q: Inside a recital hall a musician plays a well-known song from the guitar repertoire, to the delight…

A: Sound waves typically spread in all directions from their sources. Their reception seems to be the…

Q: define visual feedback and provide a description of the principle.

A: Modification or regulation by outcomes or effects of a process or system, e.g. in a biochemical…

Q: The information you receive from each eye is communicated through the optic nerve to the brain.…

A: The specialized organs consisting of sensory neurons, which help us to perceive, recognize and…

Q: If there is an increase in stimulus strength on a pain receptor but more pain is not felt, which of…

A: The resting potential tells about what happens when a neuron is at rest. An action potential occurs…

Q: You are driving down a highway at night and quickly pass a car on your right. But as you look to the…

A: The eyes are the complex sense organs that gather information from the environment, and the brain…

Q: A cortical module found in the visual cortex represents what type of visual information? a. All of…

A: Visual cortex The major cortical area of the brain is where visual information conveyed from the…

Q: What effect does sympathetic nervous system stimulation have on pupil diameter? It is known that…

A: The nervous system controls and coordinates all the activities in the body. It is majorly classified…

Q: You want to record membrane potential changes in axons of neurons that process different types…

A: Neurons carry impulses from the receptor to the brain and the brain to effector organs. Nerve tissue…

Q: cause a problem for a driver with red-green perception deficiency.

A: Red-green color blindness is a genetic disorder where the person is not able to distinguish between…

Q: Question: in about two paragraphs, can you describe the sensory pathway that the sensory information…

A: Nervous system is an important system which helps in maintaining the homeostasis of the human body.…

Q: blindness can result from the loss of specific types of cones, or it can occur in individuals having…

A: Colour blindness follows X linked recessive pattern of inheritance. Special types of cells called…

Q: Select the options that properly describe the function and features of rods. O The absorbance of…

A: A photoreceptor cell refers to the specialized cell in the retina that involves in phototransduction…

Q: In vision,   The sympathetic system stimulates the ciliary muscle to contract resulting in decreased…

A: The ability to detect the light patterns from the external environment and interpreting these…

Q: Linear acceleration, such as the forward movement of being in a car, will result in Depolarization…

A: A universal attribute of life is the presence of response and sensory systems. The Earth is…

Communication

Communication is a method of transferring information between two persons or organisms. Communication is possible using mutually understood behaviors such as signs, symbols, or language. In the year 1980, S. F. Scudder proposed communication theory. According to his ideas, all living beings on the earth communicate, but the methods of communication differ. Communication skills are now part of soft skills.