A rope is tied to a box and used to pull the box 1.5 m along a horizontal floor. The rope makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal and has a tension of 5 N. The opposing friction force between the box and the floor is 1 N. How much work does each of the following forces do on the box: (a) gravity, (b) the tension in the rope, (c) friction, and (d) the normal force? What is the total work done on the box?

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**Problem Statement:**

A rope is tied to a box and used to pull the box 1.5 m along a horizontal floor. The rope makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal and has a tension of 5 N. The opposing friction force between the box and the floor is 1 N. 

**Questions:**

1. How much work does each of the following forces do on the box?
   - (a) Gravity
   - (b) The tension in the rope
   - (c) Friction
   - (d) The normal force

2. What is the total work done on the box?

**Details for Explanation:**

To solve for the work done by each force:
- Calculate the components of each force along the direction of the motion (horizontal direction).
- Use the work formula: \( W = F \cdot d \cdot \cos(\theta) \), 
  where \( W \) is work, \( F \) is force, \( d \) is displacement, and \( \theta \) is the angle between the force and the direction of motion.

**(a) Work done by gravity:**
- Gravity acts vertically downward with force \( F = mg \).
- Since the motion is horizontal, the angle \( \theta \) between gravity and the direction of motion is \( 90^\circ \).
- Hence, work done by gravity \( W_g = F \cdot d \cdot \cos(90^\circ) = 0 \).

**(b) Work done by the tension in the rope:**
- The tension force is \( 5 \) N and makes an angle of \( 30^\circ \) with the horizontal.
- The horizontal component of the tension: \( 5 \cdot \cos(30^\circ) = 5 \cdot (\sqrt{3}/2) = 4.33 \) N.
- Work done by tension: \( W_t = 4.33 \cdot 1.5 = 6.495 \) J.

**(c) Work done by friction:**
- Friction force is \( 1 \) N opposing the motion.
- Hence, the angle \( \theta \) between friction and the direction of motion is \( 180^\circ \).
- Work done by friction: \( W_f = 1 \cdot 1.5 \cdot
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** A rope is tied to a box and used to pull the box 1.5 m along a horizontal floor. The rope makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal and has a tension of 5 N. The opposing friction force between the box and the floor is 1 N. **Questions:** 1. How much work does each of the following forces do on the box? - (a) Gravity - (b) The tension in the rope - (c) Friction - (d) The normal force 2. What is the total work done on the box? **Details for Explanation:** To solve for the work done by each force: - Calculate the components of each force along the direction of the motion (horizontal direction). - Use the work formula: \( W = F \cdot d \cdot \cos(\theta) \), where \( W \) is work, \( F \) is force, \( d \) is displacement, and \( \theta \) is the angle between the force and the direction of motion. **(a) Work done by gravity:** - Gravity acts vertically downward with force \( F = mg \). - Since the motion is horizontal, the angle \( \theta \) between gravity and the direction of motion is \( 90^\circ \). - Hence, work done by gravity \( W_g = F \cdot d \cdot \cos(90^\circ) = 0 \). **(b) Work done by the tension in the rope:** - The tension force is \( 5 \) N and makes an angle of \( 30^\circ \) with the horizontal. - The horizontal component of the tension: \( 5 \cdot \cos(30^\circ) = 5 \cdot (\sqrt{3}/2) = 4.33 \) N. - Work done by tension: \( W_t = 4.33 \cdot 1.5 = 6.495 \) J. **(c) Work done by friction:** - Friction force is \( 1 \) N opposing the motion. - Hence, the angle \( \theta \) between friction and the direction of motion is \( 180^\circ \). - Work done by friction: \( W_f = 1 \cdot 1.5 \cdot
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