A researcher wants to test whether a certain sound will make rats do worse on learning tasks. It is known that an ordinary rat can learn to run a particular maze correctly in 18 trials, with a standard deviation of 6. (The number of trials to learn this maze is normally distributed.) The researcher now tries an ordinary rat in the maze, but with the sound. The rat takes 38 trials to learn the maze. Using the .05 level, what should the researcher conclude?  (b) Then explain your answ

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A researcher wants to test whether a certain sound will make rats do worse on
learning tasks. It is known that an ordinary rat can learn to run a particular maze correctly in 18 trials, with a standard deviation of 6. (The number of trials to learn this maze is normally distributed.) The researcher now tries an ordinary rat in the maze, but with the sound. The rat takes 38 trials to learn the maze.
Using the .05 level, what should the researcher conclude? 
(b) Then explain your answer to someone who has never had a course in statistics (but who is familiar with mean, standard deviation, and Z scores).

Expert Solution
Step 1

Let the random variable X denotes the number of trials it takes for a rat to run a particular maze.

It is given that X is a normal random variable with mean 18 and standard deviation 6. 

X~Nμ=18,σ=6

The researcher claims that a certain sound will make rats do worse on learning tasks. To test this claim, consider the following hypothesis:

H0: The sound does not affect the learning task of the rat.H1: The sound significantly affects the learning task of the rat.

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