A researcher shows a baby a large toy rabbit and a small toy rabbit. Next to the rabbits is a wall with a large window opening. There is enough space for the small rabbit to cross behind the wall without being seen in the window. However, when the large rabbit passes behind the wall its ears should be visible through the window (i.e., the rabbit is tall enough that the wall won’t hide it completely). The researcher moves the small rabbit behind the wall, and it disappears from the baby’s sight until it comes out on the other side. The researcher then moves the large rabbit behind the wall. It also disappears from the baby’s sight until it comes out on the other side (even though it should be visible through the window). The baby looks longer on trials in which the large rabbit disappears than when the small rabbit disappears. This is an example of the __________ procedure. The researcher concludes that the baby__________ rules about occlusion (i.e., when an object should be hidden). Select one: i. Preferential looking; understands ii. Preferential looking; does not understand iii. Violation-of-expectancy; understands iv. Violation-of-expectancy; does not understand
a)A researcher shows a baby a large toy rabbit and a small toy rabbit. Next to the rabbits is a wall with a large window opening. There is enough space for the small rabbit to cross behind the wall without being seen in the window. However, when the large rabbit passes behind the wall its ears should be visible through the window (i.e., the rabbit is tall enough that the wall won’t hide it completely). The researcher moves the small rabbit behind the wall, and it disappears from the baby’s sight until it comes out on the other side. The researcher then moves the large rabbit behind the wall. It also disappears from the baby’s sight until it comes out on the other side (even though it should be visible through the window). The baby looks longer on trials in which the large rabbit disappears than when the small rabbit disappears. This is an example of the __________ procedure. The researcher concludes that the baby__________ rules about occlusion (i.e., when an object should be hidden).
Select one:
i.
Preferential looking; understands
ii.
Preferential looking; does not understand
iii.
Violation-of-expectancy; understands
iv.
Violation-of-expectancy; does not understand
b)Which of the following pieces of evidence suggests that there may be a sensitive period for language development:
Select one:
i.
Children are better at learning language than adults
ii.
Children born deaf who are delayed in exposure to language (spoken or signed) show poorer language outcomes than children who were exposed to language from birth
iii.
Second language learners are less proficient than native speakers of that language if it is acquired later in life
iv.
All of the above
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