A purebred plant that produces yellow seeds (YY) is crossed with a purebred plant that produces green seeds (yy). The seeds of all of the offspring are yellow. Why? O The alleles are codominant. The yellow allele is (completely) dominant to the green allele. O All of the offspring are homozygous yellow. The yellow allele is recessive to the green allele.
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- Figure 8.9 In pea plants, round peas (R) are dominant to wrinkled peas (r). You do a test cross between a pea plant with wrinkled peas (genotype rr) and a plant of unknown genotype that has round peas. You end up with three plants, all which have round peas. From this data, can you tell if the parent plant is homozygous dominant or heterozygous?More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Determine the possible genotypes of the following parents by analyzing the phenotypes of their children. In this case, we will assume that brown eyes (B) is dominant to blue (b) and that right-handedness (R) is dominant to left-handedness (r). a. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed brown eyes, right-handed Offspring: 3/4 brown eyes, right-handed 1/4 blue eyes, right-handed b. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed blue eyes, right-handed Offspring: 6/16 blue eyes, right-handed 2/16 blue eyes, left-handed 6/16 brown eyes, right-handed 2/16 brown eyes, left-handed c. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed blue eyes, left-handed Offspring: 1/4 brown eyes, right-handed 1/4 brown eyes, left-handed 1/4 blue eyes, right-handed 1/4 blue eyes, left-handedVariations on a Theme by Mendel Pea plants usually have white or red flowers. A strange pea-plant variant is found that has pink flowers. A selfcross of this plant yields the following phenotypes: 30 red flowers 62 pink flowers 33 white flowers What are the genotypes of the parents? What is the genotype of the progeny with red flowers?
- More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Consider the following cross in pea plants, in which smooth pea shape is dominant to wrinkled, and yellow pea color is dominant to green. A plant with smooth yellow peas is crossed to a plant with wrinkled green peas. The offspring produced peas that were all smooth and yellow. What are the genotypes of the parents? What are the genotypes of the offspring?A purebred plant that produces yellow seeds (YY) is crossed with a purebred plant that produces green seeds (yy). The seeds of all of the offspring are yellow. Why? O The yellow allele is (completely) dominant to the green allele. All of the offspring are homozygous yellow. O The yellow allele is recessive to the green allele. O The alleles are codominant. a (24Manx cats have no tail. This is caused by a dominantmutation M, which is embryo lethal when homozygous. An unlinked gene B controls the color of the fur onthe cat's tail. The dominant B allele produces black fur on tails, while the recessive allele b produceswhite fur on tails. A Manx cat that is B/B is crossed to a white-tailed cat. Half of the F1 progeny hadthe Manx phenotype and the other half had normal, black tails.The F1 cats with the Manx phenotype were crossed to each other, producing F2 cats. What is the ratioof the following phenotypes in the F2
- Albino rabbits (lacking pigment) are homozygous forthe recessive c allele (C allows pigment formation).Rabbits homozygous for the recessive b allele makebrown pigment, while those with at least one copy ofB make black pigment. True-breeding brown rabbitswere crossed to albinos, which were also BB. F1 rabbits, which were all black, were crossed to the doublerecessive (bb cc). The progeny obtained were 34black, 66 brown, and 100 albino.a. What phenotypic proportions would have beenexpected if the b and c loci were unlinked?b. How far apart are the two loci?n pea plants, the appearance of flowers along the main stem is a dominant phenotype called axial and is controlled by the T allele. The recessive phenotype, produced by the E t allele, has flowers only at the end of the stem and is called terminal. Seedpod form iS determined by a second gene. The dominant phenotype inflated is controlled by allele C, and a recessive constricted form, produced by allele c. A pure breeding axial, constricted plant is crossed to one that is pure-breeding terminal, inflated. A. The F1 progeny of this cross are allowed to self-fertilize. What is the expected distribution of phenotypic classes among the F2 progeny? -> TTcc t난 CC x Et 1:2:1A corn geneticist wants to obtain a corn plant that hasthe three dominant phenotypes: anthocyanin (A), longtassels (L), and dwarf plant (D). In her collection ofpure lines, the only lines that bear these alleles are AALL dd and aa ll DD. She also has the fully recessive lineaa ll dd. She decides to intercross the first two and testcross the resulting hybrid to obtain in the progeny aplant of the desired phenotype (which would have to beAa Ll Dd in this case). She knows that the three genesare linked in the order written, that the distance between the A/a and the L/l loci is 16 m.u., and that thedistance between the L/l and the D/d loci is 24 m.u.a. Draw a diagram of the chromosomes of the parents,the hybrid, and the tester.b. Draw a diagram of the crossover(s) necessary toproduce the desired genotype.c. What percentage of the testcross progeny will be ofthe phenotype that she needs?d. What assumptions did you make (if any)?
- Flower color in snapdragons is an incompletely dominant trait; progeny of crosses between true- breeding red- and white-flowered plants have pink flowers. A cross between two snapdragon plants yielded progeny with all 3 flower colors. What can be inferred about the phenotypes of the parents? O We cannot infer the phenotypes of the parents Both parents had red flowers O One parent had red flowers and the other had white flowers O Both parents had pink flowers O Both parents had white flowersIn humans, long eyelashes (L) are dominant to short eyelashes (I). On the left are three boxes, each containing one possible genotype for eyelash length. Match the terms/phrases on the right with their correct genotype(s); some labels may be used more than once, and some labels may not be used at all. LL LI = 11 All offspring will have long eyelashes when crossed with LI genotype Homozygous recessive Will have long eyelashes Homozygous dominant Hemizygous Heterozygous Will have short eyelashes All offspring will have medium-length eyelashesWhen a dihybrid cross of two heterozygous individuals is performed and you observe a ratio of 9:3:3:1, then the 9 refers to which phenotypic category? O dominant phenotype in both genes O a dominant phenotype in one gene and a recessive phenotype in the other O recessive phenotype in both genes