A pipe culvert 45 ft long extends between two reservoirs as shown below. The difference in the water surface elevation (Ah) between the two reservoirs is 21.7 ft. The pipe is 5.0 ft in diameter and has a friction factor of 0.04. Calculate the discharge in the pipe if the entrance loss coefficient is 0.5 and the exit loss coefficient is 1.0. L Ah

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A: This question is related to the Soil Mechanics.

Principles of Seepage

In hydrology, when water flows down in a pore or crack of unsaturated soil due to gravity, the deep layer of soil is called seepage. It is the slow movement of water in the soil layer. Seepage is mainly found near hydraulic structures and is responsible for the stability of earthen-type hydraulic structures.