A physician is typing the blood specimen belonging to an eighteen-year-old female to receive emergency blood transfusions due to an unfortunate accident. The following are the results: Anti-A Anti-B Anti-D А1 Cells В Cells 4+ 4+ Due to the initial negative Anti-D result, physician decided to perform an indirect antiglobulin test. The following are the results: Anti-D Control Positive Neg

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Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.