A physician compared the cholesterol levels of a representative sample of Americans who ate an American diet versus a representative sample of those who followed a Mediterranean diet. Below are the means, standard deviations, and sample sizes for both samples. Though in some studies a Mediterranean diet has been shown to be beneficial, this was one of the first studies on an American population and the physician had made no advance predictions about the outcome. American diet (control): M = 230, s = 24, n = 36. Mediterranean (experimental): M = 190, s = 26, n = 36. Use α = .05. Pick a test that’s appropriate for this study. 3. Explain why the statistical test is appropriate. 4. List the hypotheses 5. Set the decision rule 6. Calculate the test statistic
Unitary Method
The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products.
Speed, Time, and Distance
Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.
Profit and Loss
The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.
Units and Measurements
Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.
- A physician compared the cholesterol levels of a representative sample of Americans who ate an American diet versus a representative sample of those who followed a Mediterranean diet. Below are the means, standard deviations, and
sample sizes for both samples. Though in some studies a Mediterranean diet has been shown to be beneficial, this was one of the first studies on an American population and the physician had made no advance predictions about the outcome. American diet (control): M = 230, s = 24, n = 36. Mediterranean (experimental): M = 190, s = 26, n = 36. Use α = .05. - Pick a test that’s appropriate for this study.
3. Explain why the statistical test is appropriate.
4. List the hypotheses
5. Set the decision rule
6. Calculate the test statistic
7. Estimate the magnitude of the effect size (Cohen’s d).
8. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the differences between population means.
9. An addictions researcher measured tolerance to alcohol in first-year and fourth-year college students. She gave participants a standard dose of alcohol and then had them walk along a narrow line painted on the floor. The higher the percentage of the distance that they were on the line, the greater their tolerance to alcohol. The researcher expected that the older students would show more tolerance to alcohol. Here is the relevant information: 1st year (control): M = 30, s = 12.5, n = 20. 4th year (experimental): M = 48, s = 14.6, n = 16. Use α = .05.
10. Pick a test that’s appropriate for this study.
11. Explain why the statistical test is appropriate.
12. List the hypotheses
13. Set the decision rule
14. Calculate the test statistic
15. Estimate the magnitude of the effect size (Cohen’s d).
16. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for the differences between population means.
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