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A nonmetal element in the third row of the periodic table exists as two allotropes (two different physical forms of the same element). One allotrope exists as an extended network while the other exists as discrete molecules. In the lab, you gather the following evidence about two allotropes of this element: Physical Form of Element Allotrope 1 Allotrope 2 Which allotrope do you predict likely exists as an extended network and why? 1. Allotrope 1 because strong covalent bonds within the molecule require a lot of energy to break when melting a substance from a solid to a liquid. 2. Allotrope 2 because small molecules require less energy due to the weaker interactions to overcome compared to breaking strong covalent bonds when an extended network melts (essentially disintegrating). 4 Melting Point 3. Allotrope 2 because its lower melting point suggests that it makes a good liquid. 4. Allotrope 1 because it definitely conducts electricity based on the melting data. 0 3 1788 K 5. The data is wrong as all allotropes of the same element must have the same properties. 6. It is impossible to tell from the given data whether the substance exists as an extended network or discrete molecules. 06 487 K 01 3

A nonmetal element in the third row of the periodic table exists as two allotropes (two different physical forms of the same element). One allotrope exists as an extended network while the other exists as discrete molecules. In the lab, you gather the following evidence about two allotropes of this element: Physical Form of Element Allotrope 1 Allotrope 2 Which allotrope do you predict likely exists as an extended network and why? 1. Allotrope 1 because strong covalent bonds within the molecule require a lot of energy to break when melting a substance from a solid to a liquid. 2. Allotrope 2 because small molecules require less energy due to the weaker interactions to overcome compared to breaking strong covalent bonds when an extended network melts (essentially disintegrating). 4 Melting Point 3. Allotrope 2 because its lower melting point suggests that it makes a good liquid. 4. Allotrope 1 because it definitely conducts electricity based on the melting data. 0 3 1788 K 5. The data is wrong as all allotropes of the same element must have the same properties. 6. It is impossible to tell from the given data whether the substance exists as an extended network or discrete molecules. 06 487 K 01 3

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Understanding Allotropes: Melting Points and Structure** A nonmetal element in the third row of the periodic table exists as two allotropes (two different physical forms of the same element). One allotrope exists as an extended network while the other exists as discrete molecules. In the lab, you gather the following evidence about two allotropes of this element: | Physical Form of Element | Melting Point | |--------------------------|---------------| | Allotrope 1 | 1788 K | | Allotrope 2 | 487 K | **Which allotrope do you predict likely exists as an extended network and why?** 1. **Allotrope 1** because strong covalent bonds within the molecule require a lot of energy to break when melting a substance from a solid to a liquid. 2. **Allotrope 2** because small molecules require less energy due to the weaker interactions to overcome compared to breaking strong covalent bonds when an extended network melts (essentially disintegrating). 3. **Allotrope 2** because its lower melting point suggests that it makes a good liquid. 4. **Allotrope 1** because it definitely conducts electricity based on the melting data. 5. The data is wrong as all allotropes of the same element must have the same properties. 6. It is impossible to tell from the given data whether the substance exists as an extended network or discrete molecules. **Selected Answer: 1** The correct answer is 1. Allotrope 1 likely exists as an extended network because strong covalent bonds within an extended network require a lot of energy to break, resulting in a higher melting point. This is consistent with Allotrope 1's melting point of 1788 K, indicating that it requires a significant amount of energy to transition from a solid to a liquid state. In contrast, Allotrope 2, with a melting point of 487 K, likely consists of discrete molecules with weaker intermolecular forces that require less energy to overcome.
Transcribed Image Text:**Understanding Allotropes: Melting Points and Structure** A nonmetal element in the third row of the periodic table exists as two allotropes (two different physical forms of the same element). One allotrope exists as an extended network while the other exists as discrete molecules. In the lab, you gather the following evidence about two allotropes of this element: | Physical Form of Element | Melting Point | |--------------------------|---------------| | Allotrope 1 | 1788 K | | Allotrope 2 | 487 K | **Which allotrope do you predict likely exists as an extended network and why?** 1. **Allotrope 1** because strong covalent bonds within the molecule require a lot of energy to break when melting a substance from a solid to a liquid. 2. **Allotrope 2** because small molecules require less energy due to the weaker interactions to overcome compared to breaking strong covalent bonds when an extended network melts (essentially disintegrating). 3. **Allotrope 2** because its lower melting point suggests that it makes a good liquid. 4. **Allotrope 1** because it definitely conducts electricity based on the melting data. 5. The data is wrong as all allotropes of the same element must have the same properties. 6. It is impossible to tell from the given data whether the substance exists as an extended network or discrete molecules. **Selected Answer: 1** The correct answer is 1. Allotrope 1 likely exists as an extended network because strong covalent bonds within an extended network require a lot of energy to break, resulting in a higher melting point. This is consistent with Allotrope 1's melting point of 1788 K, indicating that it requires a significant amount of energy to transition from a solid to a liquid state. In contrast, Allotrope 2, with a melting point of 487 K, likely consists of discrete molecules with weaker intermolecular forces that require less energy to overcome.
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