A Nash equilibrium ‍is where one player maximizes his/her payoff and the other doesn’t ‍is where each player maximizes his/her own payoff given the action of the other player ‍is where both players are maximizing their total payoff ‍is a unique prediction of the likely outcome of a game

A Nash equilibrium ‍is where one player maximizes his/her payoff and the other doesn’t ‍is where each player maximizes his/her own payoff given the action of the other player ‍is where both players are maximizing their total payoff ‍is a unique prediction of the likely outcome of a game

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Superstore (S) and Megastore (M) are two competing discount supermarkets. If neither store advertises, S makes $115 in profits and M makes $165. If both stores advertise, S makes $80 and M makes $95. If M advertises and S does not, they make $305 and $55 respectively. If S advertises and M does not, they make $285 and $65 respectively. Based on Game Theory, what will the two firms do? Hint: illustrate the Nash equilibrium to support your answer.
Player 2 Left P1: $40 Player 1 Up P2: $0 P1: $44 Down P2:$44 In the game shown above, list all of the EFFICIENT Nash Equilibrium (please check ALL that apply) (up, left) (up, right) (down, left) (down, right) No efficient Nash Equilibrium Right P1:$1 P2: $1 P1: $0 P2: $40
a) Find the Nash equilibria in the game (in pure and mixed strategies) and the associated payoffs for the players. b) Now assume that the game is extended in the following way: in the beginning Player 1 can decide whether to opt out (this choice is denoted by O) or whether to play the simultaneous-move game in a) (this choice is denoted by G). If Player 1 opts out (plays O) then both Player 1 and Player 2 get a payoff of 4 each and the game ends. If Player 1 decides to play G, then the simultaneous-move game is played. Find the pure-strategy Nash equilibria in this extended version of the game. (Hint: note that Player 1 now has 4 strategies and write the game up in a 4x2 matrix.) c) Write the game in (b) up in extensive form (a game tree). Identify the subgames of this game.
For various values of X(for player1 and player 2), find all Nash equilibria of the following game with von Neumann-Morgenstern preferences:
Game theory problem
Consider a modified version of the ultimatum game, with altruism. There is a pie of size 50 to be split between Proposer (P) and Responder (R). In the first stage, P offers a share 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 of the pie to R. In the second stage, R accepts or rejects P's offer. If R accepts, the pie is split according to the proposed division, with P receiving (1 - x) x 50 and R receiving x x 50. If R rejects, both players receive none of the pie. But players' payoffs are not equal to how much of the pie they receive. In particular, payoffs in the event of an accepted offer are: Up (1x) x 50+ bx × 50 UR = x x 50+b(1-x) × 50 (Payoffs in the event of a rejected offer are 0 for both players.) Here, the parameter b > 0 measures how altruistic players are, i.e. how much "happier" a player is when his opponent receives more pie. a) Suppose b = 0.5. How much pie does P receive in the subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of the game? (specify the total amount of pie, not the share). b) Suppose b=0.5. What is P's…
In 'the dictator' game, one player (the dictator) chooses how to divide a pot of $10 between herself and another player (the recipient). The recipient does not have an opportunity to reject the proposed distribution. As such, if the dictator only cares about how much money she makes, she should keep all $10 for herself and give the recipient nothing. However, when economists conduct experiments with the dictator game, they find that dictators often offer strictly positive amounts to the recipients. Are dictators behaving irrationally in these experiments? Whether you think they are or not, your response should try to provide an explanation for the behavior.
Jane is interested in buying a car from a used car dealer. Her maximum willingness to pay for thecar is 12 ($12,000). Bo, the dealer, is willing to sell the car as long as he receives at least 9($9,000). What is the Nash bargaining solution to this game?
Tyler and Pam are arrested and charged with armed robbery. The police interview both suspects separately about their involvement in the crime. Each suspect has to make a decision. They can betray the other suspect by confessing that they both committed the crime, or they can cooperate with the other suspect by remaining silent. The table shows the sentences that Tyler and Pam will receive given their choices. Use the table to answer the question. What will be the dominant strategy outcome for Tyler and Pam? They both get 10 years. Pam gets 5 years, and Tyler gets 15 years. O They both get 12 years. O Tyler gets 5 years, and Pam gets 15 years. Tyler Stay silent Confess Stay silent Pam gets 10 years Tyler gets 10 years Pam gets 15 years Pam Tyler gets 5 years Confess Pam gets 5 years Tyler gets 15 years Pam gets 12 years Tyler gets 12 years
John and Paul are walking in the woods one day when suddenly an angry bear emerges from the underbrush. They each can do one of two things: run away or stand and fight. If one of them runs away and the other fights, then the one who ran will get away unharmed (payoff of 0) while the one who fights will be killed (payoff -200). If they both run, then the bear will chase down one of them and eat them to death but the other one will get away unharmed. Assuming they don't know which one will escape we will call this a payoff of -100 for both. If they BOTH fight, then they will successfully drive off the bear but they may be injured in the process (payoff -20). Construct a payoff matrix for this game and identify the pure strategy Nash equilibrium. (Indicate it with words not with a circle!)
A Nash Equilibrium is the equilibrium of a game in which; Both players get the largest payoff amount Both players get the best payoff independent of what the other players choices are Both player, with the knowledge of what the other players possible moves are, do not have incentive to deviate from their strategy There is incomplete information of the game and each player makes the move that is best for them and their payoff outcome
1.a) If the three executives of a fraudulent organization report nothing to the authorities, each gets a payoff of 100. If at least one of them blows the whistle, then those who reported the fraud get 28, while those who didn’t get -100. Suppose they play a symmetric mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium where each is silent (does not report fraud) with probability p. What is p?A, 0.1B, 0.28C, 0.5D, 0.8 b) In a two-player game, with strategies and (some known and some unknown) payoffs as shown below, suppose a mixed-strategy equilibrium exists where 1 plays C with probability 3/4, and Player 2 randomizes over X, Y, and Z with equal probabilities. What are the pure-strategy equilibria of this game? A, (A, Y) and (B, X)B, (A, Z) and (C, Y)C, (B, X) and (C, X)D, (C, X) and (C, Y)