A NaI(Tl) detector is coupled to a photomultiplier tube having certain stages for electron multiplication. This detection system is used to detect g-rays of 1115 keV. The output circuit of photomultiplier has a capacitance of 250 pF. The average electron multiplication at each stage is 3. Assume light collection efficiency is unity, photocathode efficiency is 0.12 and 300 Ev energy is needed to create one photon and the amplitude of output pulse is 0.25 V. Find the number of multiplication stages in the photomultiplier?

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Q: ques Hon To Hind Here Vin = = 8Sin Lt) R sum un + Vout Yo at 4 seconds Let Diode is Ideau

A:

Q: None

A: Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4:

Q: + R + Vin Vout 5 V =

A:

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Photoconductive Cell

Photoconductive cells are light-sensitive resistors in which resistance is inversely proportionated to light intensity when illuminated. These devices consist of a thin single-crystal or polycrystalline film of composite semiconductor materials. Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is used to make the most commercially available photoconductive particles which are sensitive to light in the visible spectrum. Other less commonly used substances respond to infrared light, but not to the visible spectrum. Such substances are lead sulfide (PbS), lead selenide (PbSe), and lead telluride (PbTe), and so on.