A horizontal control station must be established surrounding the entire construction site before marking the location of the proposed building on the ground. Determine the area in hectares enclosed by a closed traverse from the following data in Table Q1 (b).

Q: The cross section at station 2+60 has a cut area of 9 ft² and a fill area of 4 ft² and the cross…

A: Chainage of first station = 2+60 = 260 ft Area of cut = 9 ft2        Area of fill = 4 ft2  Chainage…

Q: For settlement analysis, using a multi-layer approach is more accurate than a single-layer approach.…

A: For settlement analysis, using a multi-layer approach is more accurate than a single-layer approach.…

Q: Q1. While designing and constructing a new road the following area of cut required per station is…

A:

Q: A flooded area is covered by 129 dots on a 25 dot/cm2 on a 1:20000 vertical aerial photograph. Find…

A:

Q: Q4/ The elevation of center line for a cross section of street project. If the design level for the…

A: Answer  We are given that design level for the proposed street is 25 m  desired elevation = 25 m…

Q: Compute the volume between the two stations using Prismoidal formula. 6.45 4.5 1 + 020 +2.3 +1.5…

A: The prismoidal formula may be used to calculate the volume of any geometric solid that can be…

Q: 2. Estimate the total cut or fill volume for the below grid. The grid consists of 20 ft. -by-20 ft.…

A: The grid consists of 20 ft X 20 ft, and this land is to be leveled at 0.4 ft.To determine:Whether it…

Q: True or false Stabilization wedges are multi-pronged implementation of future available technology…

A: Climate Change: The increase in the global temperature due to global warming changes the weather…

Q: Sta 23+00 22+00 21+00 20+50 L FX₁ 21.6 0 25.0 F 2.5 20.0 F 5.1 25.2 C 0 C 4.9 0 0 R C 5.8 X₂ C 9.0…

A: The given data is shown below: Base for cut=50 ftBase for fill=30 fts=2:1

Q: Q1.) Consider a triangular shaped pasture for which a perimeter fence must be built. The length of…

A: Given:- Length of side A=300 m+-2%Length of side B=400 m+-3%Length of side C=500 m+-0.5% To find:-…

Q: A catchment of a river has a semi-circular shape on one of its sides and an equilateral triangle…

A: We know that,By thiessen polygon method,Average depth of rainfall, P¯ = P1A1 + P2A2 + P3A3 + P4A4 +…

Q: 4) Determine the minimum path tree from zone 7 to all other zones.

A:

Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.