A high-speed photograph of a club hitting a golf ball is shown in the figure below. The club was in contact with a ball, initially at rest, for about 0.0045 s. If the ball has a mass of 55 g and leaves the head of the club with a speed of 1.3 x 10 ft/s, find the average force (in kN) exerted on the ball by the club. kN Ted Kinsman/Photo Researchers, Inc. Calculate the magnitude of the linear momentum for the following cases. (a) a proton with mass 1.67 x 102 kg, moving with a speed of 4.35 x 100 m/s kg m/s (b) a 14.5-g bullet moving with a speed of 385 m/s kg m/s . (c) a 73.5-kg sprinter running with a speed of 10.5 m/s kg m/s 5.98 x 1024 kg) moving with an orbital speed equal to 2.98 x 104 m/s (d) the Earth (mass kg m/s .

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Debye Theory of Solids

In solid-state physics, debye theory is used to estimate the phonons contributing to the specific heat capacity in a solid. It explains that the specific heat is a consequence of the vibrations of the atomic lattice of the solid, which is in contrast to the Einstein model. In the Einstein model, solids are treated as independent, non-interacting quantum harmonic oscillators. This model clearly explains the low-temperature dependence of the heat capacity, which is proportional to T3. This is known as Debye T3 law.