A heat exchanger is used to heat cold water at 15°C entering at a rate of 2 kg/s by hot air at 85°C entering at a rate of 3 kg/s. The heat exchanger is not insulated and is losing heat at a rate of 30 kJ/s. The specific heat capacities of air and water can be found in the lesson slides. If the exit temperature of hot air is 20°C, choose the correct exit temperature for the cold water: a. 28°C b. 35°C C. 38°C d. 41°C e. 80°C
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- An unknown substance has a mass of 0.250 kg and an initial temperature of 90.0°C. The substance is then dropped into a calorimeter made of aluminum containing 0.300 kg of water initially at 25.0°C (assume the water and calorimeter start in thermal equilibrium). The mass of the aluminum container is 0.200 kg, and the temperature of the calorimeter increases to a final equilibrium temperature of 32.0°C. Assuming no thermal energy is transferred to the environment, calculate the specific heat of the unknown substance. The specific heat of water is 4186 J/(K*mol) and aluminum is 900 J/(K*mol).Suppose you have 2.5kg of steam at 100 degrees celcius occupying 6.5 meters cubed at a pressure of 1.013 x 10^5 Pa. When the steam condenses to water at 100 degrees celcius it occupies a volume of 0.55 meters cubed. If the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2.26 x 10^6 J/kg, what was the change in the water's internal energy?A cylinder container is divided into two equal sections by thermally isolated, frictionless piston,as shown in the figure. One section contains water and the other air. The cylinder is isolated except the one face of the water section. Each section has an initial volume of 100 liter. The initial temperature of the air is 40 degees C and the water is 90 degrees C with steam quality of 10%. The water are heated slowly until the entire section of the water is filled with saturated steam. Find the final pressure and the amount of heat transported to the container. Assume: the heat transfer is a reversible process. Assume for ideal gas the following relation between p and v: (p2/p1)^((k-1)/k) = (v1/v2)^k-1 ; k=1.4
- A container holding 4.20 kg of water at 20.0°C is placed in a freezer that is kept at -20.0°C. The water freezes and comes to thermal equilibrium with the interior of the freezer. What is the minimum amount of electrical energy required by the freezer to do this if it operates between reservoirs at temperatures of 20.0°C and –-20.0°C? (Latent heat of fusion of ice = capacity of water = 4186 J/(kg K), specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 J/(kg K)). 333,700 J/ kg, specific heat kJA typical nuclear reactor generates 1000 MW of electric energy. In doing so, it produces “waste heat” at a rate of 2000 MW, and this heat must be removed from the reactor. Many reactors are sited next to large bodies of water so that they can use the water for cooling. Consider a reactor where the intakewater is at 18°C. State regulations limit the temperature of the output water to 30°C so as not to harm aquatic organisms. How many kilograms of cooling water have to be pumped through the reactor each minute?