a) Gold (Au) has an atomic radius 0.137 nm and a density of 19.32 g/cm. (Atomic weight of 196.97 g/mol) (i) (ii) Determine whether it has an FCC or BCC crystal structure. Compute the packing fraction / atomic packing factor (APF), assuming the atoms to be hard spheres.

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Crystal Lattices and Unit Cell

Consider a crystal. The regular and repeating pattern of constituent particles is the most distinguishing feature of crystalline solids. A crystal lattice is formed when these particles are replaced with representative points. The three-dimensional arrangement of constituent particles is known as a crystal lattice. Unit cell is that the smallest portion of a space lattice which when repeated in several directions, generate the whole lattice. Unit cell is a building block of a lattice. It is the smallest unit of cell.