(a) Gadolinium doped ceria (GDC), Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2-8 (0.0 ≤x≤0.2) is an important solid electrolyte being developed for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT- SOFCs). (i) Using Kröger-Vink notation, give an equation describing defect formation in GDC. (ii) Bearing in mind your answer to part (i) and the requirements for fast ionic transport in solids, what is the main charge carrier likely to be? Explain your answer. (iii) The value of 8 is negligible at room temperature, but increases at higher temperature. Explain this phenomenon and describe what effect it would likely have on the conductivity of GDC.

(a) Gadolinium doped ceria (GDC), Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2-8 (0.0 ≤x≤0.2) is an important solid electrolyte being developed for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT- SOFCs). (i) Using Kröger-Vink notation, give an equation describing defect formation in GDC. (ii) Bearing in mind your answer to part (i) and the requirements for fast ionic transport in solids, what is the main charge carrier likely to be? Explain your answer. (iii) The value of 8 is negligible at room temperature, but increases at higher temperature. Explain this phenomenon and describe what effect it would likely have on the conductivity of GDC.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

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Concept explainers

Potentiometric Titrations

Potentiometric titration is one of the important titration methods and is mainly carried out to characterize acid solutions. It follows a method similar to that of the normal titration technique, but the main difference is that there is no indicator used in the potentiometric titrations. Instead of using an indicator, electrodes are employed for monitoring the whole titration process. A scientist named Robert Behrend did the potentiometric titration for the first time, and it was done using the mercurous solution and potassium chloride.

Question

Please answer all the questions with reasonings

(a) Gadolinium doped ceria (GDC), Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2-8 (0.0 ≤x≤0.2) is an important solid
electrolyte being developed for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-
SOFCs).
(i) Using Kröger-Vink notation, give an equation describing defect formation in GDC.
(ii) Bearing in mind your answer to part (i) and the requirements for fast ionic transport in
solids, what is the main charge carrier likely to be? Explain your answer.
(iii) The value of 8 is negligible at room temperature, but increases at higher temperature.
Explain this phenomenon and describe what effect it would likely have on the
conductivity of GDC.
(iv) Make a sketch showing how GDC might be used in a solid oxide fuel cell, using H₂ as
a fuel and O₂ as the oxidant. Give the relevant half reactions and indicate on which
side of your cell that water is produced.

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Step 1: Introduction

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Step 2: Defect formation in GDC (Kröger-Vink notation)

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Step 3: GDC Main Loader

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Step 4: Dependence on temperature

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Step 5: Effect on GDC Conductivity

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Step 6: GDC in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

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