A friend tells you they have some sediment samples and need your help identifying their origin. How would you go about identifying the origin of those samples from the four different possibilities

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
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5. A friend tells you they have some sediment samples and need your help identifying their origin. How would you go about identifying the origin of those samples from the four different possibilities? 

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Initially when earth formed, it was a hot ball of lava and gases, devoid of any atmosphere and life. However, in later years the earth cooled and evolved by the working  of physical, chemical and biological processes together. The first to develop were the waterbodies, oceans, seas, lakes, lagoons etc., which formed by the process of condensation. Subsequently emerged the atmosphere and oxygen was added to it later. The rock type and sediments were not so common, since lava had just begun to crystallize to form the igneous rocks.   

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