a) For each of the substances that dissolved in water, what forces exist between the molecules of the solute and the molecules of the solvent? Be specific. b) Draw structures showing hydrogen bonding (or ion-dipole forces if you choose NaCl) for three of the solutes that dissolved in water. (Show hydrogen bonding between appropriate atoms of solvent and solute with dashed lines
Use this table to answer the question
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Solute |
Observations for solubility in Cyclohexane = SOLVENT What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? |
Observations for solubility in Water = SOLVENT What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? |
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Cyclohexane
(Test cyclohexane’s solubility in water) |
No need to fill in this box.
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What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It is a clear solution with a separation of liquids. It is not soluble. Two layers
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sodium chloride
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What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? It showed a clear liquid with the solute seen at the bottom. So, it is not soluble |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It has air bubble and a clear solution. It is suspended. It is soluble |
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sugar (sucrose)
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What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? It showed a clear liquid with the solute seen at the bottom. So, it is not soluble |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It is a clear solution, so it is soluble |
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Ethanol
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What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? It is a cloudy solution with a separation of liquids. It is not soluble |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It has cloudy solution, but it is soluble |
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isopropyl alcohol
|
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? It is just a clear solution. So, it is soluble |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It is a clear solution, so it is soluble |
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1-butanol
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What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? It is just a clear solution. So, it is soluble |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It is a cloudy solution with a separation of liquids. It is not soluble. Two layers |
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vegetable oil |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in cyclohexane? It has an air bubble with yellowish color. So, it is soluble |
What do you see happen? Is the solute soluble in water? It is a yellowish solution with a separation of liquids. It is not soluble. Two layers. |
- a) For each of the substances that dissolved in water, what forces exist between the molecules of the solute and the molecules of the solvent? Be specific.
b) Draw structures showing hydrogen bonding (or ion-dipole forces if you choose NaCl) for three of the solutes that dissolved in water. (Show hydrogen bonding between appropriate atoms of solvent and solute with dashed lines
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