A flat surface is covered with insulation with a thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/m · K. The temperature at the interface between the surface and the insulation is 300 °C. The outside of the insulation is exposed to air at 30 °C, and the heat transfer coefficient for convection between the insulation and the air is 10 W/m2 • K. Ignoring radiation, determine the minimum thickness of insulation, in meter, such that the outside of the insulation is no hotter than 60 °C at steady state.

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Conduction and Convection

When energy travels from one object to another it is said to have undergone heat transfer. Heat transfer is nothing but the transfer of thermal energy or internal energy from one thing to another, like e.g., when a vessel with water, kept on top of a burner, heats up because of the flame underneath it.