(a) Find the concentration of calcium ion (in ppm) in a 3.50-g pill that contains 40.5 mg of Ca2+.(b) The label on a 0.750-L bottle of Italian chianti indicates “11.5% alcohol byvolume.” How many liters of alcohol does the bottle of wine contain?(c) A sample of rubbing alcohol contains 142 g of isopropyl alcohol (C3H7OH) and 58.0 g of water. What are the mole fractions of alcohol and water?

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Basic Chemical Calculations (Process and Variables)

A basic chemical calculation involves the application of the law of chemical proportions to various reactions and material and energy balance calculations on various chemical processes. Basic chemical calculation helps students analyze various chemical processes and develop problem-solving skills. The chemical manufacturing processes are divided into unit operations involving physical changes of material and unit processes involving the chemical transformation of materials. For instance, fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer are unit operations, and oxidation, reduction, and pyrolysis are unit processes.