A falling head hydraulic conductivity test is performed on a sample of soil. The standpipe having a diametre of 0.2 cm is observed and it takes 60 seconds for the water to drop by 50 cm from an initial hydraulic head of 90 cm. The sample has a lenght of 20 cm and a diameter of 4 cm. A. Find the coefficient of permeability of soil. B. Solve for the hydraulic gradient. C. Compute the rate of flow of water in the soil.

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Field applications of hydraulic conductivity

Hydraulic conductivity is one of the hydraulic properties of soil defined as a measurement of the ability of a porous medium to permit water movement or fluid flow through it. It is denoted by the letter K. It is influenced by the density and viscosity of the fluid. It is also called permeability. Hydraulic conductivity is defined as the ratio of velocity to the hydraulic gradient. The different methods used to determine the hydraulic conductivity are laboratory methods (constant head permeability tests and falling head tests), in-situ field methods (pumping in and pumping out tests), small scale field tests (infiltration tests and slug tests), and indirect methods such as estimation from grain size, consolidation test data, and horizontal capillary test. The pedotransfer function (PTF) method is a specific empirical estimating approach employed in the soil sciences is also used to determine the hydraulic conductivity of the soil.