A End-plate potential Current B 4 = 0 Extracellular side Time 1 Steady state EPSP = 0 Channels in synaptic membrane GEPSP EEPSP (0 mV) 1=0 O Channels in nonsynaptic membrane E (-90 mV) EPSP Cytoplasmic side Time 2 Dynamic (onset of synaptic action) EPSP=+1 Extracellular side EPSP EEPSP E Cytoplasmic side O The EPSP would get smaller in amplitude the capacitive current would be twice as big O The EPSP would last longer Time 3 Steady state (peak of synaptic action) the leak current would be smaller EPSP = 1=0 Extracellular side EPSP EEPSP E₁ Cytoplasmic side 2 ms 10 mV Time 4 Dynamic (decline of synaptic action) EPSP = 0 Extracellular side EEPSP If the same IEPSP was present in a cell that had twice as much membrane capacitance but was otherwise the same, what would NOT happen? E Cytoplasmic side

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Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.