A crossover trial is a type of experiment used to compare two drugs. Subjects take one drug for a period of time, then switch to the other. The responses of thesubjects are then compared using matched-pair methods. In an experiment to compare two pain relievers, seven subjects took one pain reliever for two weeks, thenswitched to the other. They rated their pain level from 1 to 10, with larger numbers representing higher levels of pain. The results were:SubjectDrug ADrug B165231344762742Can you conclude that the mean pain level is less with drug B? Use a=0.05.(1) Critical Value (Round off to 3 decimal places):(2) Test Statistic (Round off to 2 decimal places):(3) Conclusion:(Type 'Reject HO' or 'Fail to Reject HO')

To compare the population means using paired sample data the t test of paired sample is used. This…

Answered: A crossover trial is a type of…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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A crossover trail is a type of experiment used to compare two drugs. Subjects take one drug for a period of time, then switch to the other. The responses of the subjects are then compared using matched pair methods. In an experiment to compare two pain relievers, seven subjects took one pain reliever for two weeks, then switched to the other. They rated their pain level from 1 to 10, with larger numbers representing higher levels of pain. The results are listed below. Can you conclude that the mean pain level is more with drug B? Use the 0.05 level and the p- values method.
A clinical psychologist wants to test the effectiveness of three new therapies that have been developed for reducing anxiety symptoms. The researcher recruits 15 participants and randomly assigns them to take part in Therapy A, Therapy B, or Therapy C for a month. At the end of the month, the researcher measures the participants' anxiety symptoms on a scale from 1 to 10 (where a higher score means more anxiety symptoms). The participants' scores are shown below: What is the appropriate test to use ? 3. What are the null and alternative hypotheses ? 4. Using a two-tailed alpha of .05, determine what the critical value is 5. Calculate the test statistic 6. State whether you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis for the omnibus test 7. Calculate and report the effect size for the omnibus test 8. Perform a Post-Hoc Test. Report the significance of each pairwise comparison
A randomly sampled group of patients at a major U.S. regional hospital became part of a nutrition study on dietary habits. Part of the study consisted of a 50-question survey asking about types of foods consumed. Each question was scored on a scale from one (most unhealthy behavior) to five (most healthy behavior). The answers were summed and averaged. The population of interest is the patients at the regional hospital. The current survey was implemented after patients were subjected to this education, and it produced the following sample statistics for 25 patients sampled: and s = 1.02. We would like to know if the education improved nutrition behavior. We test the hypotheses H 0: = 2.9 versus Ha: > 2.9. The value of the t test is 1.96, and: a. P-value > 0.1. b. 0.025 P-value < 0.05. c. 0.25 P-value < 0.01. d. 0.05 P-value < 0.1. Given the least squares regression line y = 3 x – 3, which of the following is true? a. The…
A clinical psychologist is interested in the effect of a new treatment for treating depression. She randomly divides her clients into two groups. One group receives the new treatment and the other group receives the old treatment (control group). At the end of treatment, she assesses the severity of their depression on a scale ranging from 0 to 20 (higher scores indicate greater depression). Was there a significant difference in depression scores between the two treatments? New Treatment Old Treatment 2 7 5 10 3 6 8 8 11 4 4 8 6 10 4 4
A survey of employees at a large financial organisation was conducted to determine the overall sentiment towards various aspects of how the company operates. 30 randomly selected departments in the organisation participated in the study. Every employee in these 30 randomly selected departments filled in a questionnaire, and the data were aggregated to calculate the following two variables of interest: Rating The percentage of favourable responses (in each department) to the overall running of the company. ComplaintsThe percentage of favourable responses (in each department) to how the company handles employee complaints Source: Chatterjee, S. and Price, B. (1977) Regression Analysis by Example. New York: Wiley. (Section 3.7, p.68ff of 2nd ed. (1991).) A simple linear regression was conducted. A scatter plot of Rating versus Complaints is shown in Figure 1 and the results of the regression analysis are shown in Table 1. Rating 80 70 60 50 40 40 Model 1 Figure 1: Rating versus…
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the official unemployment rate for Black people was 10.4% and 4.7% for White people in February 2015. Select all correct answers for this question. O The samples of white and black people are independent. The explanatory variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is the unemployment rate. The response variable is race.
Caden then performs a significance test. First, he performs 100 simulations. For each simulation, he randomly reorganizes the subjects into two groups, A and B, of size 10. In the simulations, group A plays the role of the treatment group and group B plays the role of the control group. After each simulation, he subtracts the average for group B from the average for group A. The distribution of the differences for all 100 simulations is shown in the histogram. 30 28 26 24 22 12 10 6. 2 Group A avg. - Group B avg. In the original experiment, the average for the treatment group was 0.8 higher than the average for the control group. Based on the 100 simulations, are the results of the experiment significant at the 5% level? yes no Number of simulations [-2.7, -2.2) [-2.2, -1.7) [-1.7, -1.2) [-1.2, -0.7) [-0.7, -0.2) [-0.2, 0.3) [0.3, 0.8) [0.8, 1.3) [1.3, 1.8) [1.8, 2.3) [2.3, 2.8)
You are a sales manager for a grocery store, and you want to see if the introduction of a new sales promotion will increase the sales in your store. To do so, you decided to create an experiment by giving a small sample of customers the promotion before expanding it to a larger customer base. You gave 18 people the promotion, and also observed the sales of 27 people who did not get the promotion as a control group. You found those who received the promotion to have an average monthly sales of $456.60, with a sample standard deviation of $52.23. You found those who did not receive the promotion had an average monthly sales of $361.46, with a sample standard deviation of $56.11. Suppose you want to use hypothesis testing (two-sample test) to investigate if the promotion has increased the sales of your store. Using the order promotion no promotion in your hypothesis test, what is the value of the test statistic for your analysis? Note: 1- Only round your final answer. Round your final…
Suppose you were presented with the results of a study comparing two different training methods for basketball athletes. You are told 32 athletes were randomly assigned to the two groups so that 16 were in the group A and 16 were in the group B. At the end of the session, the average scores (wins versus losses) of the two groups/teams were compared and a difference of 10% was observed ( the first team had 10% more wins than the second). The coach observer reports two- sample t-test shows this difference is statistically significant. How would you interpret these findings? What questions or concerns would you have? How might this type of study be improved? Hint: Consider the possibility that the test performed was not the appropriate one.
A. Headache Pain : There are many over-the-counter pain relievers. By the end of the semester, you have a tremendous headache and are looking for the most effective pain relief available. You conduct a study comparing the three most popular pain relievers and a placebo to see which work best. You use only subjects with headaches and record the amount of time (in minutes) it takes for their headache to go away after they receive the medication. You randomly assign 60 participants to one of the four conditions using a double- + blind procedure. (Use a = Placebo 70 Drug A 30 Drug B 10 Drug C 10 30 60 40 20 50 40 10 10 60 30 40 10 10 40 30 30 30 30 30 10 40 20 20 20 60 40 20 30 50 30 30 10 30 30 20 20 60 20 10 10 20 40 20 30 20 50 20 10 40 20 30 30 State the hypotheses Critical value and df Test statistic
A. Headache Pain : There are many over-the-counter pain relievers. By the end of the semester, you have a tremendous headache and are looking for the most effective pain relief available. You conduct a study comparing the three most popular pain relievers and a placebo to see which work best. You use only subjects with headaches and record the amount of time (in minutes) it takes for their headache to go away after they receive the medication. You randomly assign 60 participants to one of the four conditions using a double- blind procedure. (Use a = .05) Drug A Drug C 10 Placebo Drug B 10 70 30 30 60 40 20 50 40 10 10 60 30 10 10 40 40 30 30 30 30 30 10 40 20 20 20 60 40 20 30 50 30 30 10 30 30 20 20 60 20 10 10 20 40 30 20 50 20 20 10 40 20 30 30 IV (or predictor) variable DV (or criterion) variable What type of analysis should you conduct to determine which method relieves headache pain most swiftly?
A medical researcher wants to test the effectiveness of a new drug in treating a certain disease. They randomly assigned 100 patients to two groups: one group received the new drug, and the other group received a placebo. After a month, they measured the patients' symptom severity on a scale of 1 to 10. The researcher found that the mean symptom severity score for the group that received the new drug was lower than the mean score for the group that received the placebo. How can the researcher test the hypothesis that the new drug is effective in treating the disease? What statistical test should they use?

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