Q1: Secret Messages Implement a Caesar cipher to encrypt messages. a) Create a new Jupyter Notebook and start your program by asking the user fora text to encode and the shift value. Then begin the structure of your programby entering in this loop (we'll build on it more in a bit):encoded Text = ""for letter in text:encoded Text = encoded Text + letterWhat does this loop do? Make sure you understand what the code does beforemoving on!b) Now modify the program above to replace all the alphabetic characters with'x'. For example:Enter text to encrypt: Mayday! Mayday!Enter shift value: 4The encoded phrase is: Xxxxxx! Xxxxxx!c) Now modify your code, we are going to apply the cipher only to the alphabeticcharacters and we will ignore the others. So, your program needs to producethe encoded string using the cipher algorithm with the shift value entered bythe user. Let's see how one might do a cyclic shift. Let's say we have thesequence:012345If we use a shift value of 4 and just shift all the numbers, the result will be:456789Page 3 of 5We want the values of the numbers to remain between 0 and 5. To do this wewill use the modulus operator. The expression x%y will return a number in therange 0 to y-1 inclusive, e.g. 4%6 = 4, 6 % 6 = 0, 7% 6 =1. Thus, the result of theoperation will be:450123Hint: Note that the ASCII value of 'A' is 65 and 'a' is 97, not 0. So, you will haveto think how to use the modulus operator to achieve the desired result. Applythe cipher separately to the upper- and lower-case letters.Here is what you program should output:Enter your text to Encrypt: Mayday! Mayday!Enter your encryption key number (1-26): 4The encrypted message is: Qechec! Qechec!d) Finally, modify your program to decrypt the ciphertext back to the plaintext.(Decryption is the opposite of encryption).

Caesar cipher: Caesar cipher is the type of substitution cipher in which all the letters in the…

a) Create a new Jupyter Notebook and start your program by asking the user for a text to encode and the shift value. Then begin the structure of your program by entering in this loop (we'll build on it more in a bit): encoded Text = *** for letter in text: encoded Text = encoded Text + letter What does this loop do? Make sure you understand what the code does before moving on!

a) Create a new Jupyter Notebook and start your program by asking the user for a text to encode and the shift value. Then begin the structure of your program by entering in this loop (we'll build on it more in a bit): encoded Text = *** for letter in text: encoded Text = encoded Text + letter What does this loop do? Make sure you understand what the code does before moving on!

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Concept explainers

Types of Loop

Loops are the elements of programming in which a part of code is repeated a particular number of times. Loop executes the series of statements many times till the conditional statement becomes false.

Loops

Any task which is repeated more than one time is called a loop. Basically, loops can be divided into three types as while, do-while and for loop. There are so many programming languages like C, C++, JAVA, PYTHON, and many more where looping statements can be used for repetitive execution.

While Loop

Loop is a feature in the programming language. It helps us to execute a set of instructions regularly. The block of code executes until some conditions provided within that Loop are true.

Question

Q1: Secret Messages

Implement a Caesar cipher to encrypt messages.

a) Create a new Jupyter Notebook and start your program by asking the user for
a text to encode and the shift value. Then begin the structure of your program
by entering in this loop (we'll build on it more in a bit):
encoded Text = ""
for letter in text:
encoded Text = encoded Text + letter
What does this loop do? Make sure you understand what the code does before
moving on!
b) Now modify the program above to replace all the alphabetic characters with
'x'. For example:
Enter text to encrypt: Mayday! Mayday!
Enter shift value: 4
The encoded phrase is: Xxxxxx! Xxxxxx!
c) Now modify your code, we are going to apply the cipher only to the alphabetic
characters and we will ignore the others. So, your program needs to produce
the encoded string using the cipher algorithm with the shift value entered by
the user. Let's see how one might do a cyclic shift. Let's say we have the
sequence:
012345
If we use a shift value of 4 and just shift all the numbers, the result will be:
456789
Page 3 of 5
We want the values of the numbers to remain between 0 and 5. To do this we
will use the modulus operator. The expression x%y will return a number in the
range 0 to y-1 inclusive, e.g. 4%6 = 4, 6 % 6 = 0, 7% 6 =1. Thus, the result of the
operation will be:
450123
Hint: Note that the ASCII value of 'A' is 65 and 'a' is 97, not 0. So, you will have
to think how to use the modulus operator to achieve the desired result. Apply
the cipher separately to the upper- and lower-case letters.
Here is what you program should output:
Enter your text to Encrypt: Mayday! Mayday!
Enter your encryption key number (1-26): 4
The encrypted message is: Qechec! Qechec!
d) Finally, modify your program to decrypt the ciphertext back to the plaintext.
(Decryption is the opposite of encryption).

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