A core mathematics project is testing an innovative approach to teaching Mathematics that emphasizes group investigations and mathematics modeling. Researchers compared 320 students who were exposed to this new approach to 273 students who learned through a traditional curriculum. Students learning was accessed through a test at the end of academic year to see if this new approach led to higher learning gains as compared to the traditional approach. The test results of the test are listed below, calculate the appropriate test statistic. Program            n    Mean     SD Traditional        273  38.4      18.8 New approach 320   29.0    16.2

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Types of Bias

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative parameter being estimated. According to the actual definition of bias, it refers to the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter.