A competency test is modified so that the proportion of test-takers that pass is more than 75%. A simple random sample of test-takers is collected to determine if the proportion of passers is greater than 75%. The results of the sample are shown below.   Compentency Test Sample Passed 80 Observations 100 Confidence Level .9 Critical Value 1.28 Test statistic (z) 1.15 p-value .124   p= z= n= number passed =  Sample proportion p^=

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.