-top band -lower band -both bands- neither band **Question 5:**A colleague of yours is studying a genetic disease and trying to determine its location on a chromosome using restriction mapping. She digests DNA from patients with restriction enzymes, runs it on a gel, blots, and probes with a specific oligonucleotide. She believes she has found a "marker" for the disease, i.e., a DNA restriction site difference that correlates with the presence of the disease. Below is an autoradiogram of the gel with the lanes corresponding to the numbered individuals in the pedigree. To which band is she referring?**Description of Diagram:**The diagram includes a pedigree chart and an autoradiogram of the gel:- **Pedigree Chart:** - Individual numbers are represented from 1 to 8. - Squares and circles indicate gender, with affected individuals shaded and unaffected individuals unshaded.- **Autoradiogram:** - The gel is shown with lanes numbered from 1 to 8, corresponding to the individuals in the pedigree. - Bands of DNA are present on the gel, with variations in band patterns visible across different individuals.The task is to identify which band correlates with the presence of the disease, as suggested by the pattern visible in the pedigree and the gel.

Gene is the sequence of nucleotide that encodes a particular protein. The individual 5 and 6 are affected in this pedigree. Other individuals are normal. The bands are found at the top most position in the gel in both 5 and 6 individuals. There are found single band for each individual. That's why both 5 and 6 individuals are homozygous for the top band. This suggests that the trait is found in the individuals with the homozygous genotype for the top band. The heterozygous genotype does not cause any disease because 1, 2, 4 and 7 are norm with two bands. Answer) Top band.