A car of mass M = 1000 kg decelerates from a velocity v = 100 km/h to a stop in = 10 s. At what average ratc must the braking surfaces lose heat if their temperature is not to rise significantly?
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- You take an aluminum cylinder with a mass m = (315± 2) g out of a furnace at temperature T = (250 ± 5)C °and place it in a large bath of cool water. The final 1 temperature of the cylinder and water is T2 = (29 ±1) C° . How much heat flows from the cylinder to the water, and what are the absolute and relative errors in the heat transfer out of the cylinder? The heat transfer is given by Q = mc T ∆where ∆T is the change in temperature and c = (0.215± 0.005)cal/g C is ⋅t°he specific heat of aluminum.Thank u! A copper rod has one end in ice at a temperature of O°C, the other in boiling water. The length and diameter of the rod are 1.80 m and 3.90 cm, respectively. At what rate in grams per hour does the ice melt? Assume no heat flows out the sides of the rod. Thermal conductivity of copper is 401 W/(m-K). Latent heat of fusion for water, Lf= 333.7 J/g. Water boils at 100°CSuppose you want to raise the temperature of a mass m of ice from T0 < 0 °C to T > 100 °C. In this problem, represent the heat of fusion as Lf, the heat of vaporization as Lv, and the temperatures at which the phase changes occur as Tf and Tv. How much heat, in kilocalories, must be transferred for this to happen to 0.195 kg of ice starting at a temperature of -20 C and ending at a temperature 130C? How much time, in seconds, is required to do this, assuming a constant 20.0kJ/s rate of heat transfer?
- Thermal energy is added to 180 g of water at a constant rate for3.5 min, resulting in an increase in temperature of 12 C°. What isthe heating rate, in joules per second?A 75.0 kg concrete block falls off a 7.5 m tall wall. If all the initial energy of the concrete block is absorbed by itself when it hits the ground. What is the change in temperature of the concrete block (specific heat of concrete is 880 J/kg K)?Large meteors sometimes strike the Earth, converting most of their kinetic energy into thermal energy. (a) What is the kinetic energy of a 109kg meteor moving at 25.0 km/s? (b) If this meteor lands in a deep ocean and 80% of its kinetic energy goes into heating water, how many kilograms of water could it raise by 5.0°C?
- Radioactive decay of elements in the earth’s interior results in a mean heat flux through the Earth’s surfaceof 5×10−2Wm−2. What is the flux expressed as a fraction of the energy flux due to thermal re-radiation of absorbed solar energy? If radioactive decay were the only heat source for the Earth, what would the Earth’s temperature be?A small electric immersion heater is used to heat 79 g of water for a cup of instant coffee. The heater is labeled “72 watts" (it converts electrical energy to thermal energy at this rate). Calculate the time required to bring all this water from 20°C to 100°C, ignoring any heat losses. (The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg-K.) Number UnitsWater with a mass of mW = 0.400 kg and temperature of TW = 15.5°C is poured into an insulated bucket containing mI = 0.19 kg of ice at a temperature of TI = -15°C. Assume the specific heats of ice and water are constant at cI = 2.10×103 J/(kg⋅°C) and cW = 4.19×103 J/(kg⋅°C), respectively. The latent heat of fusion for water is Lf = 334×103 J/kg. Part (a) What is the final temperature of the mixture, in degrees Celsius? Tfinal = Part (b) Enter an expression for the mass of ice, in kilograms, that has melted when the mixture reaches its final temperature. mmelt = Part (c) Calculate how much ice, in kilograms, has melted when the mixture reaches its final temperature. mmelt =