A 5 m thick clay layer lies between two layers of sand each 4 m thick, the top of the upper layer of sand being at ground level. The water table is 2 m below the ground level but the lower layer of sand is under artesian pressure, the piezometric surface being 4 m above ground level. The saturated unit weight of clay is 20 kN/m3 and that of sand is 19 kN/m³ above the water table unit weight of sand is 16.5 kN/m?. Calculate (a) the effective vertical stress at the top and bottom of the clay layer (b) Also draw the total vertical stress diagram in the given soil layers.

A 5 m thick clay layer lies between two layers of sand each 4 m thick, the top of the upper layer of sand being at ground level. The water table is 2 m below the ground level but the lower layer of sand is under artesian pressure, the piezometric surface being 4 m above ground level. The saturated unit weight of clay is 20 kN/m3 and that of sand is 19 kN/m³ above the water table unit weight of sand is 16.5 kN/m?. Calculate (a) the effective vertical stress at the top and bottom of the clay layer (b) Also draw the total vertical stress diagram in the given soil layers.

Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781337705028

Author:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan

Publisher:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan

Chapter2: Geotechnical Properties Of Soil

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2.16P

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Concept explainers

Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.

Question

A 5 m thick clay layer lies between
two layers of sand each 4 m thick,
the top of the upper layer of sand
being at ground level. The water table
is 2 m below the ground level but the
lower layer of sand is under artesian
pressure, the piezometric surface
being 4 m above ground level. The
saturated unit weight of clay is 20
kN/m3 and that of sand is 19 kN/m³
above the water table unit weight of
sand is 16.5 kN/m². Calculate (a) the
effective vertical stress at the top
and bottom of the clay layer (b) Also
draw the total vertical stress diagram
in the given soil layers.

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A stratum of normally consolidated clay 7 m thick is located at a depth 12m below ground level. The natural moisture content of the clay is 40.5 per cent and its liquid limit is 48 per cent. The specific gravity of the solid particles is 2.76. The water table is located at a depth 5 m below ground surface. The soil is sand above the clay stratum. The submerged unit weight of the sand is 1 1 kN/m3 and the same weighs 18 kN/m3 above the water table. The average increase in pressure at the center of the clay stratum is 120 kN/m2 due to the weight of a building that will be constructed on the sand above the clay stratum. Estimate the expected settlement of the structure in cm. a. 9.55 b. 4.96 c. 4.83 d. 23.3
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