A 0.115-kg cart is moving to the right on a frictionless, horizontal track with a speed of 1.80 m/s. It has a head-on collision with a 0.325-kg cart that is moving to the left with a speed of 2.25 m/s. Find the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of each cart if the collision is elastic.

College Physics
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Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
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**Problem 5: Elastic Collision of Two Carts**

A 0.115-kg cart is moving to the right on a frictionless, horizontal track with a speed of 1.80 m/s. It has a head-on collision with a 0.325-kg cart that is moving to the left with a speed of 2.25 m/s. Find the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of each cart if the collision is elastic.

**Analysis and Approach:**

- **Given Data:**
  - Mass of cart 1 (m₁) = 0.115 kg
  - Initial velocity of cart 1 (v₁ᵢ) = 1.80 m/s (right)
  - Mass of cart 2 (m₂) = 0.325 kg
  - Initial velocity of cart 2 (v₂ᵢ) = 2.25 m/s (left)

- **Objective:**
  - Determine the final velocities (v₁_f and v₂_f) and directions of both carts after an elastic collision.

- **Principles:**
  - Use the laws of conservation of momentum and kinetic energy for elastic collisions:
    - Total Momentum Before = Total Momentum After
    - Total Kinetic Energy Before = Total Kinetic Energy After

These equations will allow you to solve for the final velocities of the carts.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem 5: Elastic Collision of Two Carts** A 0.115-kg cart is moving to the right on a frictionless, horizontal track with a speed of 1.80 m/s. It has a head-on collision with a 0.325-kg cart that is moving to the left with a speed of 2.25 m/s. Find the final velocity (magnitude and direction) of each cart if the collision is elastic. **Analysis and Approach:** - **Given Data:** - Mass of cart 1 (m₁) = 0.115 kg - Initial velocity of cart 1 (v₁ᵢ) = 1.80 m/s (right) - Mass of cart 2 (m₂) = 0.325 kg - Initial velocity of cart 2 (v₂ᵢ) = 2.25 m/s (left) - **Objective:** - Determine the final velocities (v₁_f and v₂_f) and directions of both carts after an elastic collision. - **Principles:** - Use the laws of conservation of momentum and kinetic energy for elastic collisions: - Total Momentum Before = Total Momentum After - Total Kinetic Energy Before = Total Kinetic Energy After These equations will allow you to solve for the final velocities of the carts.
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