9. Predict the geometries of CIF, using the VSSPR method with the following steps Step 1) Draw the skeletal structure and finish Lewis structure (1) +3(1)=28e Ye- -Ye or F: Step 2: Write the general form (Abx or ABXEY): Step 3) Table number to use (10.1 or 10.2): Step 4: Predict the geometry Step 5) Determine polarity:
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
![9. Predict the geometries of CIF, using the VSSPR method with the following steps
Step 1) Draw the skeletal structure and finish Lewis structure T(9) +3(1)-28e
-18
ov
:F:
Step 2: Write the general form (Abx or ABXEY):
Step 3) Table number to use (10.1 or 10.2):
Step 4: Predict the geometry
Step 5) Determine polarity:](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F967c59ce-289b-4956-94d6-0489ea3400d0%2F20c1f3ca-c75c-414d-951a-c5b49a8b7a7e%2Fez0hzo4_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![pyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or displa
Table 10.2 Geometry of Simple Molecules and lons in Which the Central Atom Has One
or More Lone Pairs
Arrangement of Electron Pairs About a Central Atom (A) in a
Molecule and Geometry of Some Simple Molecules and lons
in Which the Central Atom Has No Lone Pairs
Table 10.1
Number of Arrangement of
Electron Pairs
Geometry of
Molecule or lon
Class of Total Number of
Number of
Molecule
Electron Pairs
Bonding Pairs Lone Pairs
Examples
Arrangement
of Electron
Pairs*
Number of
Molecular
Geometry
Electron
AB,E
3.
Bent
Pairs
Examples
Trigonal planar
SO,
180
BeCl,, HgCl2
B-A-B
Trigonal
Pyramidal
AB,E
Linear
Linear
Tetrahedral
NH,
120
BF,
AB,E
Bent
Tetrahedral
Trigonal planar
Trigonal planar
Distorted
letrahedron
(or seesaw)
109.5
AB,E
CH4, NH
4
Trigonal bipyramidal
SF
Tetrahedral
Tetrahedral
AB,E
B-
T-shaped
Trigonal bipyramidal
CIF,
PCI5
AB,E,
Linear
120°
Trigonal bipyramidal
Trigonal bipyramidal
Trigonal bipyramidal
ambs
pyramidal
AB,E
90
Octahedral
BF,
90-
SF
ABE
Square planar
Octahedral
XeF,
Octahedral
Octahedral
"The cokwed lines are wed o how dhe overall shape, bond](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F967c59ce-289b-4956-94d6-0489ea3400d0%2F20c1f3ca-c75c-414d-951a-c5b49a8b7a7e%2F0q40c6q_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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