8.12 The cylindrical pressure vessel with hemispherical end-caps is made of steel. The vessel has a uniform thickness of 18 mm and an outer diameter of 400 mm. When the vessel is pressurized to 3.6 MPa, determine the change in the overall length of the vessel. Use E = 200 GPa and v = 0.3 for steel. Neglect localized bending. 600 mm 400 mm FIG. P8.12

Q: 18 in. 100 грm 12 in. 18 in.

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Bars

In civil engineering, bars refer to steel reinforcement bars or rebars. These are structural members primarily used for reinforcement purposes in masonry works. A bar is characterized by its cross-sectional area, which is negligible compared to its length. Bars are usually manufactured by steel which is uniform throughout the length, or by meshing multiple steel wires. Other materials of the bar include carbon steel, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and basalt fiber. The reinforcing bars are coated with epoxy resins and other materials to enhance some of their properties including corrosion resistance.