8. Using policy to stabilize the economy The government has the ability to influence the level of output in the short run using monetary and fiscal policy. There is some disagreement as to whether the government should attempt to stabilize the economy. Which of the following are arguments in favor of active stabilization policy by the government? Check all that apply. The Fed can effectively respond to excessive pessimism by expanding the money supply and lowering interest rates. Businesses make investment plans many months in advance. Changes in government purchases and taxation must be passed by both houses of Congress and signed by the president. The current tax system acts as an automatic stabilizer. Which of the following are examples of automatic stabilizers? Check all that apply. Unemployment insurance benefits Corporate income taxes The discount rate

8. Using policy to stabilize the economy The government has the ability to influence the level of output in the short run using monetary and fiscal policy. There is some disagreement as to whether the government should attempt to stabilize the economy. Which of the following are arguments in favor of active stabilization policy by the government? Check all that apply. The Fed can effectively respond to excessive pessimism by expanding the money supply and lowering interest rates. Businesses make investment plans many months in advance. Changes in government purchases and taxation must be passed by both houses of Congress and signed by the president. The current tax system acts as an automatic stabilizer. Which of the following are examples of automatic stabilizers? Check all that apply. Unemployment insurance benefits Corporate income taxes The discount rate

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Question 10 The diagram below shows a country's aggregate demand and supply schedules, with equilibrium at point Y. ABCD Price Level Y AD LRAS The central bank has set interest rates at 0.1% for an extended period of time, and the economy remains in equilibrium at point Y. In such circumstances, what is the most likely policy intervention that a government might use? Expansionary supply side policy Expansionary monetary policy Contractionary monetary policy Expansionary fiscal policy YF Real National Output
7. Use of discretionary policy to stabilize the economy Should the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy and the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph shows a hypothetical aggregate demand curve (AD), short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), and long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) for the U.S. economy in April 2023. Suppose the government decides to intervene to bring the economy back to the natural level of output by using (FILL IN THE BLANK) policy. Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output.
Government stabilization policy a. can stimulate aggregate demand, but only in the long run. b. can stimulate aggregate demand and thereby induce businesses to invest, but the amount is not totally predictable. c. can stimulate aggregate demand, but investment spending will not be affected. d. cannot influence investment spending
38. Budget deficits are inflationary when a. b. the Federal Reserve contracts the money supply. the economy has lots of slack and the aggregate supply curve is horizontal. C. the economy is at full employment and the aggregate supply curve is vertical. d. private citizens buy the bonds to finance the debt.
Match the correct policy with its description. Column A 1. 2. 3. 4. During a contraction or recession, the government can do two things: Decrease Taxes Or Increase Spending During a period of excessive inflation (during a period of expansion), the government can do two things: Increase Taxes Or Decrease Spending Increased lending by banks to customers (increased money supply) Lower Interest Rates on loans and bank accounts Increased borrowing from the Fed by banks Decreased lending by banks to customers (decreased money supply) Higher Interest Rates on loans and bank accounts Decreased borrowing from the Fed by banks % 5 M Column B a. Expansionary Fiscal Policy b. Contractionary Monetary Policy c. Contractionary Fiscal Policy d. Expansionary Monetary Policy
B. Move the Economy back to Potential GDP C. Do nothing D. Decrease Inflation, Lower Interest Rates, Increase Spending 33. If an Economy is producing below Potential GDP, the correct form of action is: A. Expansionary Monetary Policy combined with Contractionary Fiscal Policy B. Contractionary Monetary Policy combined with Expansionary Fiscal Policy C. Expansionary Monetary Policy or Expansionary Contractionary Policy or some Combination of both D. Contractionary Monetary and Fiscal Policy in the Same Amounts xt Predictions: On Editor Suggestions: Showing Et P + 51°
8) The Federal Reserve president bumps his head and sets his mind on achieving 2% unemployment using monetary policy. Your country is currently in long-run macro equilibrium with an unemployment rate of 4%. a. To lower unemployment, should the central bank use expansionary or contractionary policy? Expansionary Contractionary b. Illustrate what would happen in the short with a graph. Show the current equilibrium and post policy.
Match the term with the correct description. fiscal policy monetary policy money multiplier discount rate open market operations Question 6 the interest rate that the Fed sets for inter-bank borrowing represents the same thing as GDP the setting of the level of government spending and taxation by government policymakers 1/(1-MPC) deposits that banks have received but have not loaned out the interest rate that the Fed charges banks for short-term loans the purchase and sale of U.S. government bonds by the Fed
7. Use of discretionary policy to stabilize the economy Should the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy, as well as the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph plots hypothetical aggregate demand (AD), short-run aggregate supply (AS), and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curves for the U.S. economy in March 2026. Suppose the government chooses to intervene in order to return the economy to the natural level of output by using Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output. 150 130 110 PRICE LEVEL 8 70 M 20 23 LRAS 34 24 OUTPUT (Tons of dears) AS AD 26 AD policy. AS
KEY CONCEPTS Inside and outside lags Political business cycle Monetarists Automatic stabilizers Time inconsistency Inflation targeting Lucas critique QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW 5. What is meant by the "time inconsistency" of economic policy? Why might policymakers be tempted to renege on an announcement they made earlier? In this situation, what is the advantage of a policy rule? 1. What are the inside lag and the outside lag? Which has the longer inside lag-monetary or fiscal policy? Which has the longer outside lag? Why? 2. Why would more accurate economic forecasting make it easier for policymakers to stabilize the economy? Describe two ways economists try to forecast developments in the economy. 6. List three policy rules that the Fed might follow. Which of these would you advocate? Why? 3. Describe the Lucas critique. 4. How does a person's interpretation of macro- economic history affect his view of macroeco- nomic policy?
7. Use of discretionary policy to stabilize the economy Should the government use monetary and fiscal policy in an effort to stabilize the economy? The following questions address the issue of how monetary and fiscal policies affect the economy, as well as the pros and cons of using these tools to combat economic fluctuations. The following graph plots hypothetical aggregate demand (AD), short-run aggregate supply (AS), and long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curves for the U.S. economy in January 2026. Suppose the government chooses to intervene in order to return the economy to the natural level of output by using Depending on which curve is affected by the government policy, shift either the AS curve or the AD curve to reflect the change that would successfully restore the natural level of output. PRICE LEVEL 150 130 110 90 AS AD D AS policy. ?
Fiscal policy refers to a) the spending and taxing policies used by the government to influence the economy. b) the behaviour of the nation's central bank, regarding the nation's money supply. c) the techniques used by a firm to reduce its tax liability. d) the government's ability to regulate a firm's behaviour in the financial markets.