8. Examples of price Brian and Eleanor are debating the use of coupons by grocery stores. Brian says, "The use of coupons in grocery stores represents a means of price discrimination. It's pure and simple. Coupons do reduce the price of groceries, but mostly to people who are less likely to buy at the full price." By contrast, Eleanor contends, "Coupons do not constitute price discrimination. They simply represent a way of temporarily changing the prices of some grocery items. Coupons reduce the price for everyone, not just for those who are price sensitive." Economists generally agree with i

8. Examples of price Brian and Eleanor are debating the use of coupons by grocery stores. Brian says, "The use of coupons in grocery stores represents a means of price discrimination. It's pure and simple. Coupons do reduce the price of groceries, but mostly to people who are less likely to buy at the full price." By contrast, Eleanor contends, "Coupons do not constitute price discrimination. They simply represent a way of temporarily changing the prices of some grocery items. Coupons reduce the price for everyone, not just for those who are price sensitive." Economists generally agree with i

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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1. Consider the market for lattes in Milwaukee, as described below: Price (per latte) $4.50 S 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0 200 600 1,000 1,400 1,800 Quantity of lattes (in cups) Suppose that Milwaukee imposes a price floor of $2.50 on lattes. Calculate each of the following quantities, showing your work or describing how you found the answer. Please also show each quantity on the graph. A. Surplus/Excess Quantity. B. Deadweight loss. C. Consumer Surplus. D. Producer Surplus. E. Transfer from consumers to producers.
2. Individual and market demand Suppose that Sean and Yvette are the only consumers of shoes in a particular market. The following table shows their annual demand schedules: Price (Dollars per pair) 10 20 30 40 50 PRICE (Dollars per pair) On the following graph, plot Sean's demand for shoes using the green points (triangle symbol). Next, plot Yvette's demand for shoes using the purple points (diamond symbol). Finally, plot the market demand for shoes using the blue points (circle symbol). (?) 60 50 30 20 10 0 0 16 Sean's Quantity Demanded Yvette's Quantity Demanded (Pairs) (Pairs) 32 64 20 48 12 32 4 24 0 16 32 48 64 QUANTITY (Pairs) 80 96 Sean's Demand Yvette's Demand O Market Demand Now, suppose that Yvette's twin brother, who likes shoes just as much a Yvette, moves to the area, adding another consumer in the market. As a result, there will be a ▼ the market demand curve because there will be a change in quantity demanded
Suppose that Felix and Janet represent the only two consumers of jeans in some hypothetical market. The following table presents their annual demand schedules for jeans: Price (Dollars per pair) 10 20 60 50 On the following graph, plot Felix's demand for jeans using the green points (triangle symbol). Next, plot Janet's demand for jeans using the purple points (diamond symbol). Finally, plot the market demand for jeans using the blue points (circle symbol). Note: Line segments will automatically connect the points. Remember to plot from left to right. PRICE (Dolars per pair) 8 40 20 10 D 30 40 50 0 16 Felix's Quantity Demanded Janet's Quantity Demanded (Pairs) (Pairs) 32 48 20 32 12 24 4 16 8 32 0 48 64 QUANTITY (Pairs) 80 96 4 Felix's Demand > Janet's Demand Market Demand
2. Explaining short-run economic fluctuations A majority of economists believe that in the long run, real economic variables and nominal economic variables behave independently of one another. For example, an increase in the money supply, a no long-run effect on the quantity of goods and services the economy can produce, a and nominal variables is known as variable, will cause the price level, a AL AXIS However, in the short run, most economists believe that real and nominal variables are intertwined. Economists use the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply to examine the economy's short-run fluctuations around the long-run output level. The following graph shows an incomplete short-run aggregate demand (AD) and aggregate supply (AS) diagram-it needs appropriate labels for the axes and curves. In the questions that follow you will identify some of the missing labels. AS variable, to increase but will have variable. The distinction between real variables ?
Imagine that you run the toll authority for a city bridge. You must charge all of your customers the exact same toll. Initially, you have set the price at $2 per trip. The following graph shows the daily demand curve for trips across the city bridge. On the following graph, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing the total daily expenditure when the toll is $2 on the graph. Note: Select and drag the rectangles from the palette to the graph. To resize, select one of the points on the rectangle and move to the desired position. Once drawn, select inside the rectangle to see its area. TOLL (Dollars per vehicle) 10 9 8 2 1 0 Demand 01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QUANTITY (Thousands of vehicles per day) 10 When the toll is $2, total expenditure is $ An advisor has suggested that if you raise the toll to $3, total expenditure on tolls will rise. Total Expenditure at $2 per da Total Expenditure at $3 On the previous graph, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to…
13. The table below gives part of the supply schedule for personal computers in the United States. Price Quantity Supplied before tech change Quantity Supplied after tech $1,100 $900 12,000 8,000 change 13,000 9,000 a) Calculate the price elasticity of supply when price rises from $900 to $1,100 using the arc elasticity formula (the midpoint method). b) Now suppose that technology changes such that at every price, 1000 more computers are supplied. Now, as prices rise from $900 to $1,100, is the elasticity of supply smaller than, larger than, or equal to the elasticity in part a)? c) Does the change in b) change the slope of the supply curve? Are slope and elasticity the same thing? Explain.
3. Suppose that you operate a parking lot in downtown Milwaukee. Your cost for allowing another vehicle to park in your lot is virtually zero – therefore, the only thing you care about is getting as much revenue as you possibly can. Price per hour |A $6 B 5. 4 2 1 G 200 300 400 500 600 100 Hours per day a. Suppose that you raise the price of parking from $3 to $4. Draw the price effect and the quantity effect on the graph. b. Calculate the price effect and the quantity effect (note that the sign of each effect is important)! c. Is your demand curve elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic between $3 and $4? Given that you want to raise as much revenue as possible, do you want to raise the price from $3 to $4?
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Suppose that Paolo and Sharon are the only consumers of ice cream cones in a particular market. The following table shows their monthly demand schedules: Price Paolo’s Quantity Demanded Sharon’s Quantity Demanded (Dollars per cone) (Cones) (Cones) 1 8 16 2 5 12 3 3 8 4 1 6 5 0 4 On the following graph, plot Paolo’s demand for ice cream cones using the green points (triangle symbol). Next, plot Sharon’s demand for ice cream cones using the purple points (diamond symbol). Finally, plot the market demand for ice cream cones using the blue points (circle symbol). Note: Line segments will automatically connect the points. Remember to plot from left to right.
7. Notepads and pens can be considered to be complements. Woodchips are an input to notepads, and plastic is an input to pens. Assume markets for notepads, pens, woodchips and plastic, are all perfectly competitive. Suppose that the equilibrium price of notepads increases, and the equilibrium price of pens decrease. Which of the following could explain these changes? a) A decrease in the supply of plastic b) An increase in the demand for wood chips c) An increase in the demand for plastic d) An increase in the supply of plastic e) Either (b) or (d)
1. Consider the markets for Streaming Services, Cable TV and Pizza a. Complete the following sentences: Streaming Services and Cable TV are are____________(Complements/Substitutes), but Cable TV and Pizza are _(Complements/Substitutes) b. If the price of Streaming________ (increase/decrease), the price of Cable TV will (increase/decrease), c. If the price of Streaming_____ (increase/decrease the price of Pizza will (increase/decrease) d. Because Streaming and Cable TV are close (Complements/Substitutes), the Demand for Streaming is (Elastic/Inelastic)