I'm confused as to why the chiral centers are the was they are. I understand that the horizontal lines are wedged and vertical are dashed. Wouldn't the first priority be the carboxylic acid, then alcohol, the carbon, and then the hydrogen? The book is saying that one method is to keep two of the straight lines and pick one group to be dashed and one to be wedged. Then switch the last priority group (H) with whatever group you chose to be on the dash. Whatever configuration you get, make it the opposite since you switched groups. And when I use this method I end up getting S when the top one should be R. ### Detailed Solutions**7.79** We treat each chiral center separately. For each chiral center, we redraw one of the horizontal lines as a wedge, and we redraw one of the vertical lines as a dash, and then we assign priorities (1–4), and finally assign a configuration. This process is repeated for each chiral center, giving the following configurations:#### Diagram Explanation:The diagram shows a Fischer projection of a molecule with two chiral centers:- **Chiral Center 1 (R configuration):** - Located on the top carbon (intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines). - Attached groups: - Vertical (coming out of the plane): COOH (carboxyl group) at the top. - Horizontal line (into the plane): OH (hydroxyl group) to the right, H (hydrogen) to the left.- **Chiral Center 2 (S configuration):** - Located on the bottom carbon. - Attached groups: - Vertical (coming out of the plane): CH₂OH (hydroxymethyl group) at the bottom. - Horizontal line (into the plane): HO (hydroxyl group) to the left, H (hydrogen) to the right.Each chiral center is identified as either 'R' or 'S', indicating the stereochemical configuration based on the CIP priority rules. **Problem Statement:**For each compound below, determine the configuration of every chiral center. Then draw the enantiomer of each compound below (the COOH group is a carboxylic acid group).**Figure Explanation:**The diagram shows a Fischer projection of a compound with the following groups:- Top: COOH- Right: OH- Left: H- Bottom: CH₂OHThe position labeled as 7.79 corresponds to the specific problem number for reference.

We give priority according to CIP rule. In this rule the group with highest atomic number is given…

Answered: 7.79 We treat each chiral center…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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I'm confused as to why the chiral centers are the was they are. I understand that the horizontal lines are wedged and vertical are dashed. Wouldn't the first priority be the carboxylic acid, then alcohol, the carbon, and then the hydrogen? The book is saying that one method is to keep two of the straight lines and pick one group to be dashed and one to be wedged. Then switch the last priority group (H) with whatever group you chose to be on the dash. Whatever configuration you get, make it the opposite since you switched groups. And when I use this method I end up getting S when the top one should be R.

### Detailed Solutions

**7.79** We treat each chiral center separately. For each chiral center, we redraw one of the horizontal lines as a wedge, and we redraw one of the vertical lines as a dash, and then we assign priorities (1–4), and finally assign a configuration. This process is repeated for each chiral center, giving the following configurations:

#### Diagram Explanation:
The diagram shows a Fischer projection of a molecule with two chiral centers:

- **Chiral Center 1 (R configuration):**
- Located on the top carbon (intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines).
- Attached groups:
- Vertical (coming out of the plane): COOH (carboxyl group) at the top.
- Horizontal line (into the plane): OH (hydroxyl group) to the right, H (hydrogen) to the left.

- **Chiral Center 2 (S configuration):**
- Located on the bottom carbon.
- Attached groups:
- Vertical (coming out of the plane): CH₂OH (hydroxymethyl group) at the bottom.
- Horizontal line (into the plane): HO (hydroxyl group) to the left, H (hydrogen) to the right.

Each chiral center is identified as either 'R' or 'S', indicating the stereochemical configuration based on the CIP priority rules.

**Problem Statement:**

For each compound below, determine the configuration of every chiral center. Then draw the enantiomer of each compound below (the COOH group is a carboxylic acid group).

**Figure Explanation:**

The diagram shows a Fischer projection of a compound with the following groups:

- Top: COOH
- Right: OH
- Left: H
- Bottom: CH₂OH

The position labeled as 7.79 corresponds to the specific problem number for reference.

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

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