7.13 In a group of people ranging from 65 to 69 years of age, the hypertension status, by sex, was found to be as follows: Isolated Systolic Diastolic Sex Normotensive Hypertension Hypertension Males 172 91 43 Females 260 133 35 Is there a significant sex difference in hypertension?
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- To determine if there is an association between gender and reading habits, 270 adults are randomly sampled from across the United States and asked the following question: “How often do you read a book outside of work or school: regularly, sometimes, or never?” The results are summarized in the following table: OBSERVED READING HABITS Regularly Sometimes Never Total Male 42 72 10 124 Female 72 74 7 146 Total 107 146 17 270 A)Suppose the chi-square test statistic is 3.7329254 with 2 degrees of freedom. Using the chi-square table, what is the p-value for this test? B)Suppose the p-value is 0.11. At the a = 0.05 level, what conclusion should be made?Some people believe that different octane gasoline result in different miles per gallon in a vehicle. The following data is a sample of 11 people which were asked to drive their car only using 10 gallons of gas and record their mileage for each 87 Octane and 92 Octane. Miles with 87 Octane Miles with 92 Octane Person 1. 234 237 257 238 3 243 229 4 215 224 114 119 6 287 297 315 351 8 229 241 9 192 186 10 204 209 11 547 562 Do the data support that different octanes produce different miles per gallon at the a = 0.02 level of significance? Note: A normal probability plot of difference in car mileage between Octane 87 and Octane 92 indicates the population could be normal and a boxplot indicated no outliers. a. Express the null and alternative hypotheses in symbolic form for this claim. Assume 4 = 4i – P2, where µi is the population mean mileage for Octane 87 and u2 is the mean mileage for Octane 92. Ho: 4, Select an answer V H1:µ, Select an answer V b. What is the significance level? c.…2.17 Global warming: A research poll asked 1689 Americans "From what you've read and heard, is there solid evidence that the average temperature on earth has been getting warmer over the past few decades, or not?". The table below shows the distribution of responses by party and ideology, where the counts have been replaced with relative frequencies. Earth is warming Not warming Don't know (or refuse) Total Conservative Republican 0.10 0.16 0.04 0.30 Mod/Lib Republican 0.10 0.03 0.09 0.22 Mod/Cons Democrat 0.11 0.03 0.04 0.18 Liberal Democrat 0.19 0.03 0.08 0.30 Total 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 d) What is the probability that a randomly chosen respondent believes the earth is warming given that they are a conservative Republican? (please round to four decimal places) e) Does it appear that whether or not a respondent believes the earth is warming is independent of their party ideology? CHOSE ONE belief in global warming and party ideology are dependent belief in global…
- This question refers to excavations at a national monument. One question the archaeologists asked was: Is raw material used by prehistoric Indians for stone tool manufacture independent of the archaeological excavation site? Two different excavation sites gave the information in the following table. Use a chi-square test with 5% level of significance to test the claim that raw material used for construction of stone tools and excavation site are independent. Stone Tool Construction Material Material Site B Row Total Basalt 768 547 1315 Obsidian 101 94 195 Pedernal chert Other Column Total 536 499 1035 179 1496 1228 2724 (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. O Ho: Stone tool material and site are independent. H: Stone tool material and site are not independent. O Ho: Stone tool material and site are not independent. H: Stone tool material and site are independent. O Ho: Stone tool material and site are independent. H: Stone tool material and…1. Ten subjects were chosen for an experiment. They were asked to perform a certain physical activity. The number of heartbeats per minute, before and after experiment are recorded as follows: Subject Before After Subject Before After number number 1 60 92 72 76 2 67 79 7 71 73 72 72 8 69 81 4 71 80 75 80 68 72 10 68 76 Is there sufficient evidence to indicate that the experiment condition increases the number of heartbeats per minute? Use a .05 level of significance.An article reported that in a particular year, there were 717 bicyclists killed on public roadways in a particular country, and that the average age of the cyclists killed was 43 years. These figures were based on an analysis of the records of all traffic-related deaths of bicyclists on public roadways of that country. (a) Does the group of 717 bicycle fatalities represent a census or a sample of the bicycle fatalities for that year? O a census O a sample (b) If the population of interest is bicycle traffic fatalities for this particular year, is the given average age of 43 years a number that describes a sample or a number that describes the population? O a number that describes a sample O a number that describes the population
- To determine if there is an association between gender and reading habits, 270 adults are randomly sampled from across the United States and asked the following question: “How often do you read a book outside of work or school: regularly, sometimes, or never?” The results are summarized in the following table: OBSERVED READING HABITS Regularly Sometimes Never Total Male 42 72 10 124 Female 72 74 7 146 Total 107 146 17 270 a)What are the appropriate hypotheses for this chi-square test? b)What are the appropriate degrees of freedom for this test?10.59 To tip or not to tip. A study of tipping behaviors examined the relationship between the color of the shirt worn by the server and whether the customer left a tip. 12 There were 418 male customers in the study; 40 of the 69 who were served by a server wearing a red shirt left a tip. Of the 349 who were served by a server wearing a different colored shirt, 130 left a tip. a. Find the proportion of tippers for the red-shirted servers and the proportion of tippers for the servers with other colored shirts. b. Find a 95% confidence interval for the difference in proportions. a. Give a null hypothesis for this setting in terms of the parameters. Explain the meaning of the null hypothesis in simple terms. b. Give an alternative hypothesis for this setting in terms of the parameters. Explain the meaning of the alternative hypothesis in simple terms. Give a reason for your choice of this particular alternative hypothesis. c. Are the conditions satisfied for the use of the significance…130 adults with gum disease were asked the number of times per week they used to floss before their diagnoses. The (incomplete) results are shown below: # of times floss per week Frequency Relative Frequency Cumulative Frequency 0 16 0.1231 16 1 21 0.1615 37 2 17 0.1308 54 3 15 4 15 0.1154 84 5 14 0.1077 98 6 16 0.1231 114 7 0.1231 130 a. Complete the table (Use 4 decimal places when applicable) b. What is the cumulative relative frequency for flossing 5 times per week? %
- The National Study of the Changing Work Force conducted a study of 2958 wage and salaried workers on issuesranging from relationships with their bosses to household chores. The data were gathered through hour-longtelephone interview with a nationally representive sample. In response to the questions “What does your job meanto you?” 1538 people responded that they “Receive personal satisfaction from success at work.” Let p be thepopulation proportion of people who receive personal satisfaction from success at work. (a) Find a 95% CI for the true value of p. (b) How large of sample is needed if we wish to be 99% confident that the sample proportion of p is within1% of the true population proportion.The Board of Visitors hypothesize that self-esteem is increased by the time spent in college. After completing their junior year, a random sample of students was selected and given the Self-Esteem Adult Survey (SEAS). After completing their senior year they were again tested. What can be conclude with an a of 0.01? junior senior 5.9 2.1 7.2 7.5 7.4 6.9 6.8 6.3 8.5 5.5 6.2 6.4 7.3 4.6 5.2 5.2 a) What is the appropriate test statistic? Related-Samples t-test b) Condition 1: junior Condition 2: senior c) Input the appropriate value(s) to make a decision about Ho. p-value = ; Decision: --Select--- d) Using the SPSS results, compute the corresponding effect size(s) and indicate magnitude(s). If not appropriate, input and/or select "na" below. ; Magnitude: ; Magnitude: ---Select--- d = --Select--- 2 = e) Make an interpretation based on the results. O Students showed significantly less self-esteem in their senior year as opposed to their junior year. O Students showed significantly more…2. The fuel economy sticker on a new SUV's window sticker indicates the owner can expect 16 mpg in city driving, 20 mpg highway driving and 18 mpg overall. Accurate gasoline records for one such vehicle were kept, and a random sample of mileage per tank for 50 fill-ups of gasoline was collected: 17.6 17.7 18.1 22.0 17.0 19.4 18.9 17.4 21.0 19.2 18.3 19.1 20.7 16.7 19.4 18.2 18.4 17.1 17.4 15.8 17.9 18.0 16.3 17.5 17.3 20.4 19.1 21.0 18.1 19.0 19.6 18.9 16.8 18.2 17.6 19.1 18.0 16.8 20.9 17.9 17.7 20.3 18.6 19.0 16.5 19.4 18.6 18.6 17.3 18.7 a. b. Calculate the sample mean and standard deviation for this data. Round your answers to three decimal places. C. Can we consider the data to be normally distributed? Explain. d. Calculate a 99% confidence interval for this data set. Interpret your interval in the context of the problem.
