7. Provide time-series sketches (x vs t and y vs t) for each of solution curves depicted in the following phase planes.
7. Provide time-series sketches (x vs t and y vs t) for each of solution curves depicted in the following phase planes.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ
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Transcribed Image Text:7. Provide time-series sketches \((x \text{ vs } t \text{ and } y \text{ vs } t)\) for each of the solution curves depicted in the following phase planes.
**Diagram Descriptions:**
**(a)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane shows a circular solution curve centered around the origin. The arrows indicate a counterclockwise rotation around the origin.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** There is a marked point on the positive y-axis.
- **Explanation:** This represents a stable limit cycle with trajectories rotating in a circular manner.
**(b)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane displays a spiral-inward pattern originating from a point and spiraling towards the origin.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The starting point is slightly redirected clockwise from the positive y-axis.
- **Explanation:** This suggests a spiral sink where trajectories spiral inwards to the origin.
**(c)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane graph has arrows pointing outward, away from the origin in each direction.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The marked point is in the first quadrant, creating a radial line.
- **Explanation:** This indicates an unstable node where trajectories move directly away from the origin.
**(d)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane features an arrowed path curving from the marked point towards the origin.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The point is in the fourth quadrant, indicating an inward trajectory.
- **Explanation:** This shows a saddle point behavior, where trajectories come towards and then pass by the origin.
Each time-series sketch should reflect the specific dynamics of the corresponding phase plane trajectories as described above.
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