7. Provide time-series sketches (x vs t and y vs t) for each of solution curves depicted in the following phase planes.

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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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7. Provide time-series sketches \((x \text{ vs } t \text{ and } y \text{ vs } t)\) for each of the solution curves depicted in the following phase planes.

**Diagram Descriptions:**

**(a)** 
- **Illustration:** The phase plane shows a circular solution curve centered around the origin. The arrows indicate a counterclockwise rotation around the origin.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** There is a marked point on the positive y-axis.
- **Explanation:** This represents a stable limit cycle with trajectories rotating in a circular manner.

**(b)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane displays a spiral-inward pattern originating from a point and spiraling towards the origin.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The starting point is slightly redirected clockwise from the positive y-axis.
- **Explanation:** This suggests a spiral sink where trajectories spiral inwards to the origin.

**(c)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane graph has arrows pointing outward, away from the origin in each direction.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The marked point is in the first quadrant, creating a radial line.
- **Explanation:** This indicates an unstable node where trajectories move directly away from the origin.

**(d)**
- **Illustration:** The phase plane features an arrowed path curving from the marked point towards the origin.
- **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The point is in the fourth quadrant, indicating an inward trajectory.
- **Explanation:** This shows a saddle point behavior, where trajectories come towards and then pass by the origin.

Each time-series sketch should reflect the specific dynamics of the corresponding phase plane trajectories as described above.
Transcribed Image Text:7. Provide time-series sketches \((x \text{ vs } t \text{ and } y \text{ vs } t)\) for each of the solution curves depicted in the following phase planes. **Diagram Descriptions:** **(a)** - **Illustration:** The phase plane shows a circular solution curve centered around the origin. The arrows indicate a counterclockwise rotation around the origin. - **Initial Condition (I.C.):** There is a marked point on the positive y-axis. - **Explanation:** This represents a stable limit cycle with trajectories rotating in a circular manner. **(b)** - **Illustration:** The phase plane displays a spiral-inward pattern originating from a point and spiraling towards the origin. - **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The starting point is slightly redirected clockwise from the positive y-axis. - **Explanation:** This suggests a spiral sink where trajectories spiral inwards to the origin. **(c)** - **Illustration:** The phase plane graph has arrows pointing outward, away from the origin in each direction. - **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The marked point is in the first quadrant, creating a radial line. - **Explanation:** This indicates an unstable node where trajectories move directly away from the origin. **(d)** - **Illustration:** The phase plane features an arrowed path curving from the marked point towards the origin. - **Initial Condition (I.C.):** The point is in the fourth quadrant, indicating an inward trajectory. - **Explanation:** This shows a saddle point behavior, where trajectories come towards and then pass by the origin. Each time-series sketch should reflect the specific dynamics of the corresponding phase plane trajectories as described above.
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