7. Electric vehicles (EVs) represent a significant advancement in transportation technology, with implications for energy consumption, environmental impact, and electrical infrastructure. How do the principles of electric propulsion, energy storage, and power electronics underpin the design and operation of EVs? Discuss the different types of electric motors used in EVs, such as induction motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors, and their advantages and limitations How do battery technologies, such as lithium-ion and solid-state batteries, influence the performance, range, and charging characteristics of EVs? Analyze the challenges associated with EV charging infrastructure, including the development of fast-charging networks, grid integration, and the management of peak demand. What are the environmental and economic impacts of transitioning from internal combustion engine vehicles to EVs, and how do policies and incentives promote the adoption of EVs? Provide examples of technological innovations in the EV industry, such as advancements in battery management systems and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capabilities. How do research and development efforts in areas like wireless charging, autonomous driving, and lightweight materials contribute to the evolution of EV technology? Consider the future prospects of EVs in achieving sustainable transportation and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.