•7-41. The double-web girder is constructed from two plywood sheets that are secured to wood members at its top and bottom. The allowable bending stress for the wood is allow 8 ksi and the allowable shear stress is Tallow = 3ksi. If the fasteners are spaced s = 6 in. and each fastener can support 600 lb in single shear, determine the maximum load P that can be applied to the beam. -|-6 in. 05 in. 2 in. 2 in. 10 in. 0.5 in. 2 in. 2 in. A -s 4 ft B

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Sizing Joists and Rafters

In civil engineering and building construction, joists and rafters are the major components including beams and columns. Almost every structural construction including buildings, skyscrapers, bridges, commercial complexes, and so on makes use of joists and rafters to provide structural integrity to the building. Joists are primarily thick long pieces of metals, concrete, or wood that are used to support the floor and ceiling. On the other hand, rafters form the major component of pitched roofs, which are a series of sloped long pieces extending from a ridged area that makes contact with the plane area of the wall. They account for the load-bearing of the building along with the beams.