6. Shifts in production possibilities Suppose Argentina produces two types of goods: agricultural and capital. The following diagram shows its current production possibilities curve (PPC) for barley, an agricultural good, and airplanes, a capital good. Drag the production possibilities curve (PPC) on the graph to show the effects of a time-saving innovation in the manufacturing of airplanes. Note: Select either end of the curve on the graph to make the endpoints appear. Then drag one or both endpoints to the desired position. Points will snap into position, so if you try to move a point and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther. ? AIRPLANES (Thousands) 180 150 120 90 60 30 O 0 70 PPC 140 210 280 BARLEY (Millions of bushels) 350 420 PPC

6. Shifts in production possibilities Suppose Argentina produces two types of goods: agricultural and capital. The following diagram shows its current production possibilities curve (PPC) for barley, an agricultural good, and airplanes, a capital good. Drag the production possibilities curve (PPC) on the graph to show the effects of a time-saving innovation in the manufacturing of airplanes. Note: Select either end of the curve on the graph to make the endpoints appear. Then drag one or both endpoints to the desired position. Points will snap into position, so if you try to move a point and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther. ? AIRPLANES (Thousands) 180 150 120 90 60 30 O 0 70 PPC 140 210 280 BARLEY (Millions of bushels) 350 420 PPC

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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Both Geppetto and Lewis are toy store owners. They decide that they would like to trade puzzles and puppets in order to better stock their toy store shelves. The table below compares their production possibilities schedules. Production Possibilities Schedules Geppetto Puzzles 188 88 68 48 28 8 Puppets 8 4 8 12 16 20 Puzzles: (Click to select) Lewis: Puzzler 58 Geppetto: 48 30 20 18 8 Instructions: Enter your answers as a whole number. a. Geppetto and Lewis agree to trade at a rate of 3 puzzles for each puppet With those terms of trade, who is most likely to be the supplier of puzzles? Who is most likely to be the supplier of puppets? Lewds Puppets: (Click to select) b. The two toy store owners agree to specialize and to trade 30 puzzles for 10 puppets. The terms of trade are still 3 puzzles for each puppet How many puzzles and puppets will each one have after they complete their trade? puzzles and Puppets 8 S 18 15 20 25 puzzles and puppets puppets
Graph 1: Draw a production possibilities model with 4 points labeled A, B, C, D, one inside, two on, and one outside the production possibilities curve. Explain the 4 points in terms of scarcity, choice, and efficiency. Graph 2: Draw a production possibilities model which illustrates economic growth. Graph 3: Draw a production possibilities model and using your own numbers, explain the concept of the law of increasing opportunity cost. Graph 4: Draw a production possibilities model for North Korea and label the Y axis Guns, and the X axis Butter.  Put two points, A and B, on the curve.  Using the two points, explain the concept of government (or market) failure.
13. Assuming the PPF is shifting from PPFo to PPFn, which of the following explains the cause or causes of the economic growth depicted in this Figure? a) This Figure represents growth due to an increase in resources and/or improvement in technology that are specific to the production of X. b) This Figure represents growth due to an increase in resources and/or improvement in technology that are specific to the production of Y. c) This Figure represents growth due to an increase in resources and/or improvement in technology that are not specific to either product. d) This Figure represents growth due to an increase in specialization.
Use the graph to answer the following question: Plant R and Plant S both produce radios and calculators. Which of the following statements is most true? A) Plant R has the comparative advantage to produce radios but not calculators. B) Plant R has the comparative advantage to produce both goods. C) Plant S has the comparative advantage to produce radios but not calculators. D) Plant S has the absolute advantage to produce both calculators and radios.
3. Efficiency in the production possibilities model Suppose South Africa produces only two goods: alfalfa and blu rays. The following graph shows South Africa's current production possibilities frontier, along with six output combinations represented by black points (plus symbols) labeled A to F. 100 80 PPF 60 40 20 D 20 40 60 80 100 ALFALFA (Millions of bushels) Complete the following table by indicating whether each point represents output combinations that are inefficient, efficient, or unattainable. Check all that apply. Point Inefficient Efficient Unattainable A B E F BLU RAYS (Milions)
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2. Comparative and absolute advantage Elijah and Aneesha are farmers. Each one owns a 16-acre plot of land. The following table shows the amount of squash and maize each farmer can produce per year on a given acre. Each farmer chooses whether to devote all acres to producing squash or maize or to produce squash on some of the land and maize on the rest. Elijah Aneesha MAIZE (Pounds) On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot Elijah's production possibilities frontier (PPF), and use the purple line (diamond symbol) to plot Aneesha's PPF. 160 144 128 112 96 80 64 48 32 16 0 Squash (Pounds per acre) 8 28 0 Maize (Pounds per acre) 8 7 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 SQUASH (Pounds) Elijah's PPF Elijah's opportunity cost of producing 1 pound of maize is maize is pounds of squash. Because Elijah has a comparative advantage in the production of maize, and Aneesha's PPF has an absolute advantage in the production of squash, and ? has an absolute advantage in the…
3. Economic growth The following graph shows the production possibilities curve (PPC) of an economy that produces food and computers. Suppose that a series of natural calamities and climate changes significantly reduce the economy's endowment of natural resources and damages its productivity capacity. Adjust the PPC to show the economy's new production possibilities after the decrease in natural endowment. QUANTITY OF FOOD (Millions of pounds) 32 24 16 0 0 5 PPC 10 15 QUANTITY OF COMPUTERS (Millions of computers) 20 PPC Consider the direction in which you shifted the PPC on the graph. This type of shift of the PPC generally means that GDP that the population in this economy does not change. In such a case, GDP per capita of this economy experiences economic growth. Assume . This means the economy
Suppose Russia produces only cars and trucks. The resources that are used in the production of these two goods are not specialized—that is, the same set of resources is equally useful in producing both trucks and cars. The shape of Russia's production possibilities frontier (PPF) should reflect the fact that as Russia produces more trucks and fewer cars, the opportunity cost of producing each additional truck _______? The following graphs show two possible PPFs for Russia's economy: a straight-line PPF (PPF1PPF1) and a bowed-out PPF (PPF2PPF2). Based on the previous description, the trade-off Russia faces between producing trucks and cars is best represented by _____?
c. Suppose a small country produces only food and clothing. An earthquake destroys many of the clothing factories, but the ability to produce food is unaffected. Use the 3-point-curve drawing tool to draw a new production possibilities boundary on the graph on the right, labeled c, reflecting the change in the clothing factories. Properly label this line. Place end points one on horizontal and one on vertical axes. Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required objects. Tonnes of Clothing Per Year PPBO Tonnes of Food Per Year
5. China is able to produce turnips and potatoes in combinations represented by the following table. (Each number represents 1,000s of bushes.) Potatoes Production Turnips point a. B C D E b. C. points. 100 and 0 90 and 10 and 20 and 30 and 40 70 40 0 Plot the data on a production possibilities graph, labeling Can China produce a combination of 30 turnips and 24 potatoes? Draw this production point on the graph (label it F) and verbally explain. Demonstrate that China experiences increasing opportunity costs by calculating the opportunity cost of producing another potato at each production point. Explain.