6. Recall that for an n x n matrix A, its characteristic polynomial PA(x) is defined by PA(x) = det(xIn - A), where In denotes the n x n identity matrix. Consider the sequence of simple graphs Tn (Vn, En) defined as follows for n ≥ 0: = Vn :={00, ng and En = {{V₁-1, Vi} | i = 1,..., ..., n}, with the convention that Eo = 0. (a) Find the adjacency matrix An of the graph Tn for each n ≥ 0. (b) Set Po(x) = 1, and for n ≥ 1 let Pn(x) = det (xIn - An-1) be the characteristic polynomial of An-1. Find P₁(x) and P₂(x). (c) Show that for n ≥ 2 we have that Pn(x) = xPn-1(x) — Pn-2(x). (Hint for part (c): consider the Laplace expansion of the determinant.) (O): Ci

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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6. Recall that for an n × n matrix A, its characteristic polynomial P₁(x) is defined by
PA(x) = det(xIn – A),
where In denotes the n x n identity matrix. Consider the sequence of simple graphs
Tn = (Vn, En) defined as follows for n ≥ 0:
Vn :={00,0n} and En := {{Vi−1, Vi} | i = 1,...,n},
with the convention that Eo = 0.
(a) Find the adjacency matrix An of the graph Tn for each n ≥ 0.
(b) Set Po(x) = 1, and for n ≥ 1 let Pn(x) := det(xIn - An-1) be the characteristic
polynomial of An-1. Find P₁(x) and P₂(x).
(c) Show that for n ≥ 2 we have that
Pn(x) = xPn-1(x) — Pn-2(x).
(Hint for part (c): consider the Laplace expansion of the determinant.)
(O):
...
Transcribed Image Text:6. Recall that for an n × n matrix A, its characteristic polynomial P₁(x) is defined by PA(x) = det(xIn – A), where In denotes the n x n identity matrix. Consider the sequence of simple graphs Tn = (Vn, En) defined as follows for n ≥ 0: Vn :={00,0n} and En := {{Vi−1, Vi} | i = 1,...,n}, with the convention that Eo = 0. (a) Find the adjacency matrix An of the graph Tn for each n ≥ 0. (b) Set Po(x) = 1, and for n ≥ 1 let Pn(x) := det(xIn - An-1) be the characteristic polynomial of An-1. Find P₁(x) and P₂(x). (c) Show that for n ≥ 2 we have that Pn(x) = xPn-1(x) — Pn-2(x). (Hint for part (c): consider the Laplace expansion of the determinant.) (O): ...
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