6. Financing Assume that you live in the blissful world of perfect capital markets: there are no transaction costs or taxes; bankruptcy costs are zero; individuals can borrow and lend at the same rate as corporations can; and all agents in the economy have the same information. Let us compare two corporations that are identical except that one is all equity financed and the other is part equity and part debt financed. Denote the value of the unlevered (all equity) firm by V, and the value of the levered firm by V₁. Assume that ● V = $50,000

Essentials Of Investments
11th Edition
ISBN:9781260013924
Author:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Publisher:Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.
Chapter1: Investments: Background And Issues
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6. Financing
Assume that you live in the blissful world of perfect capital markets: there are no
transaction costs or taxes; bankruptcy costs are zero; individuals can borrow and lend at
the same rate as corporations can; and all agents in the economy have the same
information. Let us compare two corporations that are identical except that one is all
equity financed and the other is part equity and part debt financed. Denote the value of
the unlevered (all equity) firm by V and the value of the levered firm by V, . Assume
that
V, = $50,000
the interest rate on the firm's debt is .10
the firms generate identical net revenues of
$8,000 in good times
$1,000 in bad times
the levered firm has $20,000 of debt
A. Compute the cash flows accruing to an investor who borrows on her personal account
an amount equal to one percent of the debt of the levered firm and purchases one
percent of the unlevered firm,
B. Compute the cash flows of an investor who purchases one percent of the equity of the
levered firm.
C. Using your results in parts (A) and (B) and the no-arbitrage condition, construct an
argument to prove that V, = $50,000. Discuss the relevance of your result to the
Modigliani-Miller Theorem I.
7. Options
A. How does the price of a call option respond to the following changes, other things
equal? Does the price go up or down? Explain briefly the intuition for your
answer.
(i). Exercise price rises.
(ii). Volatility of stock price rises.
3
Transcribed Image Text:6. Financing Assume that you live in the blissful world of perfect capital markets: there are no transaction costs or taxes; bankruptcy costs are zero; individuals can borrow and lend at the same rate as corporations can; and all agents in the economy have the same information. Let us compare two corporations that are identical except that one is all equity financed and the other is part equity and part debt financed. Denote the value of the unlevered (all equity) firm by V and the value of the levered firm by V, . Assume that V, = $50,000 the interest rate on the firm's debt is .10 the firms generate identical net revenues of $8,000 in good times $1,000 in bad times the levered firm has $20,000 of debt A. Compute the cash flows accruing to an investor who borrows on her personal account an amount equal to one percent of the debt of the levered firm and purchases one percent of the unlevered firm, B. Compute the cash flows of an investor who purchases one percent of the equity of the levered firm. C. Using your results in parts (A) and (B) and the no-arbitrage condition, construct an argument to prove that V, = $50,000. Discuss the relevance of your result to the Modigliani-Miller Theorem I. 7. Options A. How does the price of a call option respond to the following changes, other things equal? Does the price go up or down? Explain briefly the intuition for your answer. (i). Exercise price rises. (ii). Volatility of stock price rises. 3
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