## Separation Scheme Analysis### Diagram Description:The diagram represents a chemical separation process involving a solution containing \( \text{Ag}^+, \text{Pb}^{2+}, \text{and Cu}^{2+} \). The process involves adding \(\text{HNO}_3\) to achieve a pH of 1, followed by the addition of \(\text{H}_2\text{S}\) and the application of heat. This results in the separation into different precipitates and solutions, labeled as follows:- **\(X(s)\):** A solid precipitate initially formed.- **\(Y(aq)\):** Aqueous phase containing \(\text{Pb}^{2+}\).- Further addition of \(\text{NaCl}\) leads to: - **\(W(s)\):** Another solid precipitate. - **\(Z(aq)\):** Aqueous solution. - Boiling results in: - **\(Q(aq)\):** Further separated aqueous solution.### Questions:a. **What is present in the precipitate at \(X\)?**b. **Which cation will precipitate next if you continue adding \(\text{H}_2\text{S}\) to the above solution?**c. **Assuming \(X\) has been removed, what are the identities of \(Q\), \(W\), \(Y\), and \(Z\) after the solution has been boiled?**d. **How do you confirm the identity of each cation in the above solution?**e. **What is the minimum concentration of sulfide ion required for 0.15 \text{ M Ag}^+\) solution to form a precipitate?** \((K_{sp} \ \text{Ag}_2\text{S} = 6 \times 10^{-51})\)

Note: As you have not specified that exactly which subparts do you want. So, I will solve first 3 subparts as per company's guidelines. Please ask the rest of them separately. a) X = PbS b) Cu2+ c) Q = Pbcl2 (aq) W = Pbcl2 (s) Y = Pb2+ (aq) Z = Cucl2 (aq)

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6. Consider the following separation scheme; Solution containing Ag*, Pb2+, and Cu2+ Add HNO3, so pH=1 Add H,S; Heat X Y (aq)» Pb+ (aq) NaCl (aq) Zag) Boil solution Q(aq a. What is present in the precipitate at (X)? b. Which cation will precipitate next if you continue adding H,S to the above solution? c. Assuming X has been removed, what are the identities of Q, W,Y and Z after the solution has been boiled?

6. Consider the following separation scheme; Solution containing Ag*, Pb2+, and Cu2+ Add HNO3, so pH=1 Add H,S; Heat X Y (aq)» Pb+ (aq) NaCl (aq) Zag) Boil solution Q(aq a. What is present in the precipitate at (X)? b. Which cation will precipitate next if you continue adding H,S to the above solution? c. Assuming X has been removed, what are the identities of Q, W,Y and Z after the solution has been boiled?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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